Ovchinnikov () (feminine: Ovchinnikova) is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Andrei Aleksandrovich Ovchinnikov (b. 1986), Russian footballer Irina Aleksandrovna Ovchinnikova (1904–1990), White Russian émigré and eventual wife of Prince Peter of Greece and Denmark Mikhail Pavlovich Ovchinnikov (1884–1921), Russian revolutionary and archeologist Nikolai Ovchinnikov (1918–2004), Soviet painter Pavel Vladimirovich Ovchinnikov (b. 1998), Russian football player Sergei Ovchinnikov (disambiguation), multiple people Vladimir Ovchinnikov (disambiguation), multiple people Vsevolod Ovchinnikov (1926–2021), Soviet journalist and author Vyacheslav Ovchinnikov (1936–2019), Soviet composer Yuri Ovchinnikov (biochemist) (1934–1988), Soviet bioorganic chemist Yuri Ovchinnikov (figure skater) (born 1950), Russian figure skater