The vice president of Brazil (), officially the vice president of the Federative Republic of Brazil (vice-presidente da República Federativa do Brasil), or simply the vice president of the republic (vice-presidente da República) is the second-highest ranking government official in the executive branch of the Government of Brazil, preceded only by the president. The vice president's primary role is to replace the president in the event of their death, resignation, or impeachment conviction, and to temporarily take over the presidential powers and duties while the president is abroad, or otherwise temporarily unable to carry out their duties. The vice president is elected jointly with the president as their running mate.

The office has existed since the Proclamation of the Republic in 1889, although it was only officially instituted as of the 1891 Constitution. It has been in place throughout all of Brazil's republican history, save for the fifteen years of the Vargas Era when it was officially abolished.

Requirements The requirements to run for the office of vice president are exactly those of the presidency itself. In addition to the ordinary requirements to run for political office in Brazil, under the terms of article 14 of the Constitution, a candidate for the vice presidency must be a natural-born citizen of Brazil (which under certain circumstances may include the offspring of one or two Brazilian parents living abroad) and be at least 35 years of age.

Election and tenure The president and the vice president are elected on a single ticket for a four-year term and are inaugurated on January 1 of the year following that of the election. Both may be re-elected for a subsequent term.

Vice presidents succeeding a sitting president may be reelected for an additional term. However, the vice president is not eligible to run for a second full term, as under Brazilian law any partial term counts toward the limit of two consecutive terms. Due to the wording of the constitution's provisions on term limits, whenever the vice president serves as acting president when the president is either abroad or suspended from office as a result of impeachment, it counts as a partial term.

Workplace and official residence The vice president works in an annex building of the Palácio do Planalto. The official residence of the vice president is the Palácio do Jaburu, inaugurated in 1977.

Ascension to the presidency Since the Proclamation of the Republic in 1889, eight vice presidents have been called upon to replace former presidents: four due to death of the incumbent (Nilo Peçanha, Delfim Moreira, Café Filho, and José Sarney), two due to resignation (Floriano Peixoto and João Goulart), and two due to impeachment conviction (Itamar Franco and Michel Temer).

List of vice presidents Portrait Name(Birth–Death) Term Party Election President 1 Floriano Peixoto(1839–1895) February 26, 1891–November 23, 1891 Unaffiliated 1891 Deodoro da Fonseca colspan=7 Floriano Peixoto 2 Manuel Vitorino(1853–1902) November 15, 1894–November 15, 1898 PRF(Federal) 1894 Prudente de Morais 3 Rosa e Silva(1857–1929) November 15, 1898–November 15, 1902 Unaffiliated 1898 Campos Sales colspan=7 Rodrigues Alves 4 Afonso Pena(1847–1909) June 17, 1903–November 15, 1906 PRM 1903 5 Nilo Peçanha(1867–1924) November 15, 1906–June 14, 1909 PRF(Fluminense) 1906 Afonso Pena colspan=7 Nilo Peçanha 6 Venceslau Brás(1868–1966) November 15, 1910–November 15, 1914 PRM 1910 Hermes da Fonseca 7 Urbano Santos(1859–1922) November 15, 1914–November 15, 1918 - 1914 Venceslau Brás 8 Delfim Moreira(1868–1920) November 15, 1918–January 16, 1919 PRM 1918 Rodrigues Alves colspan=7 Delfim Moreira 8 Delfim Moreira(1868–1920) July 28, 1919–July 1, 1920 PRM 1918 Epitácio Pessoa colspan=7 9 Bueno de Paiva(1861–1928) November 10, 1920–November 15, 1922 PRM 1920 10 Estácio Coimbra(1872–1937) November 15, 1922–November 15, 1926 Unaffiliated — Artur Bernardes 11 Melo Viana(1878–1954) November 15, 1926–October 24, 1930 PRM 1926 Washington Luís colspan=7 rowspan=4 Military junta of 1930 Getúlio Vargas José Linhares Eurico Gaspar Dutra 12 Nereu Ramos(1888–1958) September 19, 1946–January 31, 1951 PSD 1946 13 Café Filho(1899–1970) January 31, 1951–August 24, 1954 PSP 1950 Getúlio Vargas colspan=7 rowspan=3 Café Filho Carlos Luz Nereu Ramos 14 João Goulart(1919–1976) January 31, 1956–August 25, 1961 PTB 19551960 Juscelino Kubitschek Jânio Quadros colspan=7 rowspan=3 Ranieri Mazzilli João Goulart Ranieri Mazzilli 15 José Maria Alkmin(1901–1974) April 15, 1964–March 15, 1967 PSD 1964 Castelo Branco ARENA 16 Pedro Aleixo(1901–1975) March 15, 1967–August 31, 1969 ARENA 1966 Costa e Silva colspan=7 Military junta of 1969 17 Augusto Rademaker(1905–1985) October 30, 1969–March 15, 1974 ARENA 1969 Emílio Médici 18 Adalberto Pereira dos Santos(1905–1984) March 15, 1974–March 15, 1979 ARENA 1974 Ernesto Geisel 19 Aureliano Chaves(1929–2003) March 15, 1979–March 15, 1985 ARENA 1978 João Figueiredo PDS PFL 20 José Sarney( 1930) March 15, 1985–April 21, 1985 PMDB 1985 Tancredo Neves(president-elect) colspan=7 José Sarney 21 Itamar Franco(1930–2011) March 15, 1990–December 29, 1992 PRN 1990 Fernando Collor PMDB colspan=7 Itamar Franco 22 Marco Maciel(1940–2021) January 1, 1995–January 1, 2003 PFL 19941998 Fernando Henrique Cardoso 23 José Alencar(1931–2011) January 1, 2003–January 1, 2011 PL 20022006 Lula da Silva PRB 24 Michel Temer( 1940) January 1, 2011–August 31, 2016 PMDB 20102014 Dilma Rousseff colspan=7 Michel Temer 25 Hamilton Mourão( 1953) January 1, 2019–January 1, 2023 PRTB 2018 Jair Bolsonaro Republicans 26 Geraldo Alckmin( 1952) January 1, 2023– Incumbent PSB 2022 Lula da Silva

Timeline

See also List of current vice presidents President of Brazil List of presidents of Brazil

Notes

References

External links Vice-Presidency of Brazil Official Website Official vice presidential portrait