Madiun () is city in the western part of East Java, Indonesia, known for its agricultural center. The city has been administratively separate from the surrounding Madiun Regency since the formation of the two bodies in 1950, but the city remained the seat of the regency administration until 2010. Madiun is commonly known as "Kota Gadis", which is an acronym for "Trading, Education and Industrial City" in Indonesian and is also sometimes known as Milaan van Java in the Dutch language.
Madiun, located southwest of Surabaya and southeast of Ngawi, covers an area of , and had a population of 170,964 at the 2010 Census Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. and 195,175 at the 2020 Census;Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. the latest official estimate (as of mid 2025) is 200,653 (comprising 98,485 males and 102,168 females).Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 27 February 2026, Kota Madiun Dalam Angka 2026 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3577) This city is an average of above sea level and lies on the Madiun River, a tributary of the Bengawan Solo River. It is surrounded by a number of mountains, including Mount Wilis () to the east, to the south the Kapur Selatan range () and to the west Mount Lawu (). Madiun has an average temperature of .
Administrative districts The city is divided into three districts (kecamatan), tabulated below with their areas and their population totals from the 2010 Census and 2020 Census, together with the official estimates for mid 2025.Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 27 February 2026, Kota Madiun Dalam Angka 2026 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3577) The table also includes the locations of the district administrative centres, the number of administrative villages (urban kelurahan) in each district, and its postal codes.
Kode Wilayah Name ofDistrict(kecamatan) Area in km2 Pop'ncensus2010 Pop'ncensus2020 Pop'nestimatemid 2025No.ofvillagesPostcodes35.77.02 Manguharjo 10.04 48,906 57,779 59,715 9 63121 – 6312935.77.03 Taman 12.46 72,667 83,698 85,316 9 63131 – 6313935.77.01 Kartoharjo 10.73 49,391 53,698 55,622 9 63111 – 63119 Totals 33.23 170,964 195,175 200,65327
The names of the kelurahan in each district are : Manguharjo : Madiun Lor, Manguharjo, Nambangan Kidul, Nambangan Lor, Ngegong, Pangongangan, Patihan, Sogaten, Winongo Taman : Banjarejo, Demangan, Josenan, Kejuron, Kuncen, Mojorejo, Manisrejo, Pandean, Taman Kartoharjo : Kanigoro, Kelun, Kartoharjo, Klegen, Oro-Oro Ombo, Pilangbango, Rejomulyo, Sukosari, Tawangrejo
Madiun Affair
Madiun was the site of a noted uprising in 1948 by elements of the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI), the "Madiun Affair". After the signing of the Renville Agreement that year, guerrilla units and militias under the influence of PKI were ordered to disband. In Madiun a group of PKI militia refused to disarm and were killed in September. The killings sparked a violent uprising. Army sources claimed that the PKI had announced the proclamation of the "Soviet Republic of Indonesia" on 18 September with Musso as its president and Amir Sjarifuddin as its prime minister.
The uprising was suppressed by republican troops. On 30 September, Madiun was taken over by republican troops of the Silwangi Division. Thousands of party cadres were killed and 36,000 were imprisoned. Amongst the executed PKi members were several leaders including Muso killed on 31 October, allegedly while trying to escape from prison. Other PKI leaders such as D.N. Aidit went into exile in China.
Climate Madiun has a tropical monsoon climate (Köppen Am) with moderate to little rainfall from June to October and heavy rainfall from November to May.
Transportation Madiun is served by Madiun railway station.
Road network
Madiun is accessible via the Solo-Kertosono Toll Road in the north and Indonesian National Route 20 that passes through the city.
Additionally, Jl. Raya Geger - Madiun conveniently connects Madiun to places south of it, such as Krandegan or Ponorogo Regency.
See also Madiun Affair Indonesian National Revolution
References
External links Official site Map of Madiun and surrounding area Highest University in Madiun