Events Pre-1600 475 – Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople, and his general, Basiliscus gains control of the empire. 1528 – Gustav I of Sweden is crowned King of Sweden, having already reigned since his election in June 1523. 1554 – Bayinnaung, who would go on to assemble the largest empire in the history of Southeast Asia, is crowned King of Burma.
1601–1900 1616 – The city of Belém, Brazil is founded on the Amazon River delta by Portuguese captain Francisco Caldeira Castelo Branco. 1792 – Federalist Thomas Pinckney appointed first U.S. minister to Britain. 1808 – John Rennie's scheme to defend St Mary's Church, Reculver, founded in 669, from coastal erosion is abandoned in favour of demolition, despite the church being an exemplar of Anglo-Saxon architecture and sculpture. 1808 – The organizational meeting leading to the creation of the Wernerian Natural History Society, a former Scottish learned society, is held in Edinburgh. 1848 – The Palermo rising takes place in Sicily against the Bourbon Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. 1866 – The Royal Aeronautical Society is formed in London. 1872 – Yohannes IV is crowned Emperor of Ethiopia in Axum, the first imperial coronation in that city in over 200 years. 1895 – The National Trust is founded in the United Kingdom.
1901–present 1911 – The University of the Philippines College of Law is established. 1915 – The United States House of Representatives rejects a proposed constitutional amendment to require states to give women the right to vote.; 1916 – Oswald Boelcke and Max Immelmann become the first German aviators to earn the Pour le Mérite, receive the German Empire's highest military award, for achieving eight aerial victories each over Allied aircraft. 1918 – The Minnie Pit Disaster coal mining accident occurs in Halmer End, Staffordshire, in which 155 men and boys die. 1932 – Hattie Caraway becomes the first woman elected to the United States Senate. 1933 – Casas Viejas incident: 22 peasants killed by the Security and Assault Corps in Casas Viejas, Spain. 1942 – World War II: United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt creates the National War Labor Board. 1945 – World War II: The Red Army begins the Vistula–Oder Offensive. 1955 – A Martin 2-0-2 and Douglas DC-3 collide over Boone County, Kentucky, killing 15 people. 1962 – Vietnam War: Operation Chopper, the first American combat mission and first American helicopter assault in the war, takes place.; 1964 – Rebels in Zanzibar begin a revolt known as the Zanzibar Revolution and proclaim a republic. 1966 – Lyndon B. Johnson states that the United States should stay in South Vietnam until Communist aggression there is ended.; 1967 – Dr. James Bedford becomes the first person to be cryonically preserved with intent of future resuscitation. 1969 – The New York Jets of the American Football League defeat the Baltimore Colts of the National Football League to win Super Bowl III in what is considered to be one of the greatest upsets in sports history. 1970 – Biafra capitulates, ending the Nigerian Civil War. 1971 – The Harrisburg Seven: Rev. Philip Berrigan and five other activists are indicted on charges of conspiring to kidnap Henry Kissinger and of plotting to blow up the heating tunnels of federal buildings in Washington, D.C. 1976 – The United Nations Security Council votes 11–1 to allow the Palestine Liberation Organization to participate in a Security Council debate (without voting rights). 1986 – Space Shuttle program: Congressman and future NASA Administrator Bill Nelson lifts off from Kennedy Space Center aboard Columbia on mission STS-61-C as a payload specialist. 1990 – A seven-day pogrom breaks out against the Armenian civilian population of Baku, Azerbaijan, during which Armenians were beaten, tortured, murdered, and expelled from the city. 1991 – Persian Gulf War: An act of the U.S. Congress authorizes the use of American military force to drive Iraq out of Kuwait. 1997 – Space Shuttle program: Atlantis launches from the Kennedy Space Center on mission STS-81 to the Russian space station Mir, carrying astronaut Jerry M. Linenger for a four-month stay on board the station, replacing astronaut John E. Blaha. 1998 – Nineteen European nations agree to forbid human cloning. 2001 – Downtown Disney opens to the public as part of the Disneyland Resort in Anaheim, California. 2004 – The world's largest ocean liner, , makes its maiden voyage. 2005 – Deep Impact launches from Cape Canaveral on a Delta II rocket. 2006 – A stampede during the Stoning of the Devil ritual on the last day at the Hajj in Mina, Saudi Arabia, kills at least 362 Muslim pilgrims. 2007 – Comet C/2006 P1 (McNaught), one of the brightest comets ever observed is at its zenith visible during the day. 2010 – An earthquake in Haiti occurs, killing between 220,000 and 300,000 people and destroying much of the capital Port-au-Prince.; 2012 – Violent protests occur in Bucharest, Romania, as two-day-old demonstrations continue against President Traian Băsescu's economic austerity measures. Clashes are reported in numerous Romanian cities between protesters and law enforcement officers. 2015 – Government raids kill 143 Boko Haram fighters in Kolofata, Cameroon. 2016 – Ten people are killed and 15 wounded in a bombing near the Blue Mosque in Istanbul. 2020 – Taal Volcano in the Philippines erupts and kills 39 people.
Births
Pre-1600 1483 – Henry III of Nassau-Breda (died 1538) 1562 – Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy (died 1630) 1576 – Petrus Scriverius, Dutch historian and scholar (died 1660) 1577 – Jan Baptist van Helmont, Flemish chemist and physician (died 1644) 1588 – John Winthrop, English lawyer and politician, 2nd Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony (died 1649) 1591 – Jusepe de Ribera, Spanish painter (died 1652) 1597 – François Duquesnoy, Flemish sculptor and educator (died 1643) 1598 – Jijabai Shahaji Bhosale, mother of Indian king Shivaji (died 1674)
1601–1900 1628 – Charles Perrault, French author and academic (died 1703) 1673 – Rosalba Carriera, Italian painter (died 1757) 1694 – Godscall Paleologue, possibly last member of the Palaiologos dynasty (died ????)Hall, John (2015). An Elizabethan Assassin: Theodore Paleologus: Seducer, Spy and Killer. Stroud: The History Press. . p. 209 1711 – Gaetano Latilla, Italian composer (died 1788) 1715 – Jacques Duphly, French organist and composer (died 1789) 1716 – Antonio de Ulloa, Spanish general and politician, 1st Spanish Governor of Louisiana (died 1795) 1721 – Duke Ferdinand of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Prussian field marshal (died 1792) 1723 – Samuel Langdon, American minister, theologian, and academic (died 1797) 1724 – Frances Brooke, English author and playwright (died 1789) 1729 – Edmund Burke, Irish philosopher, academic, and politician (died 1797) 1746 – Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi, Swiss philosopher and educator (died 1827) 1751 – Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies (died 1825) 1772 – Mikhail Speransky, Russian academic and politician (died 1839) 1786 – Sir Robert Inglis, 2nd Baronet, English politician (died 1855) 1792 – Johan August Arfwedson, Swedish chemist and academic (died 1841) 1797 – Gideon Brecher, Austrian physician and author (died 1873) 1799 – Priscilla Susan Bury, British botanist (died 1872) 1822 – Étienne Lenoir, Belgian engineer, designed the internal combustion engine (died 1900) 1837 – Adolf Jensen, German pianist and composer (died 1879) 1849 – Jean Béraud, Russian-French painter and academic (died 1935) 1853 – Gregorio Ricci-Curbastro, Italian mathematician (died 1925) 1856 – John Singer Sargent, American painter and academic (died 1925) 1863 – Swami Vivekananda, Indian monk and philosopher (died 1902) 1869 – Bhagwan Das, Indian philosopher, academic, and politician (died 1958) 1873 – Spyridon Louis, Greek runner (died 1940) 1874 – Laura Adams Armer, American author and photographer (died 1963) 1876 – Fevzi Çakmak, Turkish field marshal and politician, Prime Minister of the Turkish Provisional Government (died 1950) 1876 – Jack London, American novelist and journalist (died 1916) 1876 – Ermanno Wolf-Ferrari, Italian composer and educator (died 1948) 1877 – Frank J. Corr, American lawyer and politician, 45th Mayor of Chicago (died 1934) 1878 – Ferenc Molnár, Hungarian-American author and playwright (died 1952) 1879 – Ray Harroun, American race car driver and engineer (died 1968) 1879 – Anton Uesson, Estonian engineer and politician, 17th Mayor of Tallinn (died 1942) 1882 – Milton Sills, American actor and screenwriter (died 1930) 1884 – Texas Guinan, American entertainer and bootlegger (died 1933) 1885 – Thomas Ashe, Irish Republican died while on Hunger Strike (died 1917) 1889 – Mirza Basheer-ud-Din Mahmood Ahmad, Indian-Pakistani spiritual leader (died 1965) 1890 – Johannes Vares, Estonian poet, physician, and politician (died 1946) 1892 – Mikhail Gurevich, Russian engineer and businessman, co-founded the Mikoyan-Gurevich Design Bureau (died 1976) 1893 – Hermann Göring, German commander, pilot, and politician, Minister President of Prussia (died 1946) 1893 – Alfred Rosenberg, Estonian-German architect and politician, Reich Minister for the Occupied Eastern Territories (died 1946) 1894 – Georges Carpentier, French boxer and actor (died 1975) 1895 – Leo Aryeh Mayer, Polish-Israeli scholar and academic (died 1959) 1896 – Uberto De Morpurgo, Italian tennis player (died 1961) 1896 – David Wechsler, Romanian-American psychologist and author (died 1981) 1899 – Pierre Bernac, French opera singer and educator (died 1979) 1899 – Paul Hermann Müller, Swiss chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1965)
1901–present 1901 – Karl Künstler, German SS officer (died 1945) 1903 – Igor Kurchatov, Russian physicist and academic (died 1960) 1903 – Andrew J. Transue, American politician and attorney (Morissette v. United States) (died 1995) 1904 – Mississippi Fred McDowell, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 1972) 1905 – Nihal Atsız, Turkish author, poet, and philosopher (died 1975) 1905 – James Bennett Griffin, American archaeologist and academic (died 1997) 1905 – Tex Ritter, American actor and singer (died 1974) 1906 – Emmanuel Levinas, Lithuanian-French historian, philosopher, and academic (died 1995) 1907 – Sergei Korolev, Russian colonel and engineer (died 1966) 1908 – Jean Delannoy, French actor, director, and screenwriter (died 2008) 1908 – Clement Hurd, American illustrator (died 1988) 1910 – Patsy Kelly, American actress and comedian (died 1981) 1910 – Luise Rainer, German-English actress (died 2014) 1912 – Richard Kuremaa, Estonian footballer (died 1991) 1914 – Mieko Kamiya, Japanese psychiatrist and psychologist (died 1979) 1915 – Paul Jarrico, American screenwriter and producer (died 1997) 1915 – Joseph-Aurèle Plourde, Canadian archbishop and academic (died 2013) 1916 – Ruth R. Benerito, American chemist and inventor (died 2013) 1916 – P. W. Botha, South African politician, 8th Prime Minister of South Africa (died 2006) 1916 – Mary Wilson, Baroness Wilson of Rievaulx, British poet and Spouse of the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (died 2018) 1917 – Walter Hendl, American pianist, composer, and conductor (died 2007) 1917 – Jimmy Skinner, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (died 2007) 1920 – James Farmer, American activist and politician, co-founded Congress of Racial Equality (died 1999) 1920 – Jerzy Zubrzycki, Polish-Australian sociologist and academic (died 2009) 1922 – Tadeusz Żychiewicz, Polish journalist and historian (died 1994) 1923 – Ira Hayes, American marine who raised the U.S. flag on Iwo Jima (died 1955) 1924 – Olivier Gendebien, Belgian racing driver and businessman (died 1998) 1925 – Bill Burrud, American television host, producer, and actor (died 1990) 1926 – Morton Feldman, American composer and academic (died 1987) 1926 – Ray Price, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2013)