Phidippus

Phidippus is a genus in the family Salticidae (jumping spiders). Some of the largest jumping spiders inhabit this genus, and many species are characterized by their brilliant, iridescent green chelicerae. Phidippus is distributed almost exclusively in North America, with the exception of two exported species (Phidippus audax and Phidippus regius).Edwards, G. B. (2004). pp. vii, 4–6. , there were about 80 described species in the genus. Species previously described in Phidippus which are found in India and Bangladesh do not belong in this genus.

Name The genus name is likely derived from Cicero's speech Pro Rege Deiotaro (Speech in Behalf of King Deiotarus): Phidippus was a slave who was physician to King Deiotaros.Cicero (45 BCE). "Pro Rege Deiotaro". Literally, the word means "one who spares horses" in Ancient Greek.Ubick et al. 2005

Species

, the World Spider Catalog accepted the following species: Phidippus adonis Edwards, 2004 – Mexico Phidippus adumbratus Gertsch, 1934 – United States, Mexico Phidippus aeneidens Taczanowski, 1878 – Peru Phidippus albocinctus Caporiacco, 1947 – Guyana Phidippus albulatus F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1901 – Mexico Phidippus amans Edwards, 2004 – Mexico Phidippus apacheanus Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1929 – United States, Mexico, Cuba Phidippus ardens G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1901 – United States, Mexico Phidippus arizonensis (G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1883) – United States, Mexico Phidippus asotus Chamberlin & Ivie, 1933 – United States, Mexico Phidippus audax (Hentz, 1845) – North America, introduced to Hawaii, Azores, India (Nicobar Is.) Phidippus aureus Edwards, 2004 – United States Phidippus bengalensis Tikader, 1977 – India Phidippus bhimrakshiti Gajbe, 2004 – India Phidippus bidentatus F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1901 – United States to Costa Rica Phidippus birabeni Mello-Leitão, 1944 – Argentina Phidippus boei Edwards, 2004 – United States, Mexico Phidippus borealis Banks, 1895 – United States, Canada Phidippus calcuttaensis Biswas, 1984 – India Phidippus californicus G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1901 – United States, Mexico Phidippus cardinalis (Hentz, 1845) – United States, Mexico, possibly Panama Phidippus carneus G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1896 – United States, Mexico Phidippus carolinensis G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1909 – United States, Mexico Phidippus cerberus Edwards, 2004 – Mexico Phidippus clarus Keyserling, 1885 – North America Phidippus comatus G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1901 – Canada, United States, Mexico Phidippus concinnus Gertsch, 1934 – United States F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1901 – Mexico Phidippus cryptus Edwards, 2004 – United States, Canada Phidippus dianthus Edwards, 2004 – Mexico Phidippus exlineae Caporiacco, 1955 – Venezuela Phidippus felinus Edwards, 2004 – United States Phidippus georgii G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1896 – Mexico to El Salvador Phidippus guianensis Caporiacco, 1947 – Guyana Phidippus hingstoni Mello-Leitão, 1948 – Guyana Phidippus insignarius C. L. Koch, 1846 – United States Phidippus johnsoni (G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1883) – Canada, United States, Mexico Phidippus kastoni Edwards, 2004 – United States Phidippus lynceus Edwards, 2004 – United States Phidippus maddisoni Edwards, 2004 – Mexico Phidippus majumderi Biswas, 1999 – Bangladesh Phidippus mimicus Edwards, 2004 – Mexico Phidippus morpheus Edwards, 2004 – United States, Mexico Phidippus mystaceus (Hentz, 1846) – United States Phidippus nikites Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935 – United States, Mexico Phidippus octopunctatus (G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1883) – United States, Mexico Phidippus olympus Edwards, 2004 – United States Phidippus otiosus (Hentz, 1846) – United States Phidippus pacosauritus Edwards, 2020 – Mexico Phidippus phoenix Edwards, 2004 – United States, Mexico Phidippus pius Scheffer, 1905 – United States to Costa Rica Phidippus pompatus Edwards, 2004 – Mexico Phidippus princeps (G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1883) – United States, Canada Phidippus princeps pulcherrimus Keyserling, 1885 – United States Phidippus pruinosus G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1909 – United States Phidippus punjabensis Tikader, 1974 – India Phidippus purpuratus Keyserling, 1885 – United States, Canada Phidippus putnami (G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1883) – United States Phidippus regius C. L. Koch, 1846 – United States, Caribbean, introduced to Easter Is. Phidippus richmani Edwards, 2004 – United States Phidippus tenuis (Kraus, 1955) – El Salvador Phidippus texanus Banks, 1906 – United States, Mexico Edwards, 2004 – United States Edwards, 1978 – United States, Mexico Phidippus tux Pinter, 1970 – United States, Mexico Phidippus tyrannus Edwards, 2004 – United States, Mexico G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1901 – North America Phidippus ursulus Edwards, 2004 – United States Phidippus venus Edwards, 2004 – Mexico Phidippus vexans Edwards, 2004 – United States Phidippus whitmani G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1909 – United States, Canada Phidippus workmani G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1901 – United States Phidippus yashodharae Tikader, 1977 – India (Andaman Is.) Phidippus zebrinus Mello-Leitão, 1945 – Argentina Phidippus zethus Edwards, 2004 – Mexico

Misplaced species Of the species listed above, several have been misplaced in the genus (according to Edwards' revision) but have yet to be transferred to other genera. These include: Phidippus aeneidens Taczanowski, 1878 – Peru Phidippus albocinctus Caporiacco, 1947 – Guyana Phidippus bengalensis Tikader, 1977 – India Phidippus bhimrakshiti Gajbe, 2004 – India Phidippus birabeni Mello-Leitão, 1944 – Argentina Phidippus calcuttaensis Biswas, 1984 – India Phidippus exlineae Caporiacco, 1955 – Venezuela Phidippus guianensis Caporiacco, 1947 – Guyana Phidippus hingstoni Mello-Leitão, 1948 – Guyana Phidippus majumderi Biswas, 1999 – Bangladesh Phidippus punjabensis Tikader, 1974 – India Phidippus tenuis (Kraus, 1955) – El Salvador Phidippus yashodharae Tikader, 1977 – India (Andaman Is.) Phidippus zebrinus Mello-Leitão, 1945 – Argentina

References

Bibliography (1965): Observations on Three Species of Phidippus Jumping Spiders (Araneae: Salticidae). Psyche 72:133-147 PDF (P. californicus = P. coccineus, P. apacheanus, P. octopunctatus = P. opifex) (editors) (2005): Spiders of North America: An Identification Manual. American Arachnological Society (2004): Revision of the jumping spiders of the genus Phidippus (Araneae: Salticidae). Occasional Papers of the Florida State Collection of Arthropods 11: i-viii, 1–156, 350 figs.

External links

Videos David Edwin Hill: Portrait of feeding female Phidippus audax – Video David Edwin Hill: Variable female forms of the jumping spider Phidippus clarus – Video

Pictures "Bold Jumping Spider" - Phidippus audax Awesome Spiders: Photographs of P. arizonensis Phidippus clarus diagnostic photographs, male and female specimens Phidippus mystaceus photographs, adult male specimen Phidippus princeps reference photographs Phidippus otiosus adult male specimen Catalog of genus Phidippus Pictures of Phidippus species Picture of Phidippus species (free for noncommercial use)