The Polyporaceae () are a family of poroid fungi belonging to the Basidiomycota. The flesh of their fruit bodies varies from soft (as in the case of the dryad's saddle illustrated) to very tough. Most members of this family have their hymenium (fertile layer) in vertical pores on the underside of the caps, but some of them have gills (e.g. Panus) or gill-like structures (such as Daedaleopsis, whose elongated pores form a corky labyrinth). Many species are brackets, but others have a definite stipe – for example, Polyporus badius.
Most of these fungi have white spore powder but members of the genus Abundisporus have colored spores and produce yellowish spore prints. Cystidia are absent.
Taxonomy In his 1838 work Epicrisis Systematis Mycologici seu Synopsis Hymenomycetum, Elias Magnus Fries introduced the "Polyporei". August Corda published the name validly the following year, retaining Fries's concept. American mycologist William Alphonso Murrill, in a series of publications in the early 1900s, classified the polypores into a more organized family of 78 genera, including 29 that were monotypic, and 39 that were new to science.For example: Around the same time as Murrill, Curtis Gates Lloyd devoted considerable effort in sorting polypore taxonomy, and amassed a large and diverse collection of fruit bodies from around the world. In his 1953 monograph The Polyporaceae of the European U.S.S.R. and Caucasia, Apollinarii Semenovich Bondartsev included 54 genera in the Polyporaceae, which he further divided into five subfamilies and 10 tribes. Several works contributing to the systematics of the Polyporaceae were published in the following decades, including Marinus Anton Donk (1960, 1964), Gordon Heriot Cunningham (1965), and David Pegler (1973).
Genera
, Index Fungorum accepts 114 genera and 1621 species in the Polyporaceae: Abundisporus Ryvarden (1999); 7 species Amyloporia Singer (1944); 5 species Amyloporiella A.David & Tortič (1984); 1 species Atroporus Ryvarden (1973); 3 species Aurantiporus Murrill (1905); 5 species Australoporus P.K.Buchanan & Ryvarden (1988); 1 species Austrolentinus Ryvarden (1991); 1 species Cellulariella Zmitr. & Malysheva (2014); 2 species Cerrena Gray (1821); 7 species Cerarioporia F.Wu, L.W.Zhou & Jing Si; 1 species Colospora Miettinen & Spirin (2015); 1 species Coriolopsis Murrill (1905); 21 species Crassisporus B.K. Cui & Xing Ji (2019); 4 species Cryptomphalina R.Heim (1966); 1 species Cryptoporus (Peck) Shear (1902); 2 species Cystidiophorus Bondartsev & Ljub. (1963); 1 species Daedaleopsis J.Schröt. (1888); 9 species Datronia Donk (1966); 8 species Datroniella B.K.Cui, Hai J.Li & Y.C.Dai (2014); 5 species Dentocorticium (Parmasto) M.J.Larsen & Gilb. (1974); 7 species Dextrinoporus H.S.Yuan (2018); 1 species Dichomitus D.A.Reid (1965); 24 species Diplomitoporus Domański (1970); 20 species Earliella Murrill (1905); 1 species Echinochaete D.A.Reid (1963); 5 species Epithele (Pat.) Pat. (1900); 24 species Epithelopsis Jülich (1976); 2 species Erastia Niemelä & Kinnunen (2005); 1 species Faerberia Pouzar (1981); 1 species Favolus Fr. (1828); 25 species Flammeopellis Y.C.Dai, B.K.Cui & C.L.Zhao (2014); 1 species Fomes (Fr.) Fr. (1849); 59 species Funalia Pat. (1900); 7 species Fuscocerrena Ryvarden (1982); 1 species Globifomes Murrill (1904); 1 species Grammothele Berk. & M.A.Curtis (1868); 19 species Grammothelopsis Jülich (1982); 7 species Hapalopilus P.Karst. (1881); 15 species Haploporus Bondartsev & Singer (1944); 6 species Hexagonia Fr. (1836); 41 species Hymenogramme Mont. & Berk. (1844); 1 species Laccocephalum McAlpine & Tepper (1895); 5 species Laetifomes T.Hatt. (2001); 1 species Leifiporia Y.C.Dai, F.Wu & C.L.Zhao (2016); 2 species Leiotrametes Welti & Courtec. (2012); 2 species Lentinus Fr. (1825); 120 species Lenzites Fr. (1836); 25 species Leptoporus Quél. (1886); 12 species Lignosus Lloyd ex Torrend (1920); 8 species Lithopolyporales R.K.Kar, N.Sharma, A.Agarwal & R.Kar (2003); 1 species Lloydella Bres. (1901); 3 species Lopharia Kalchbr. & MacOwan (1881); 15 species Loweporus J.E.Wright (1976); 8 species Macrohyporia I.Johans. & Ryvarden (1979); 3 species Megasporia B.K.Cui, Y.C.Dai & Hai J.Li (2013); 7 species Megasporoporia Ryvarden & J.E.Wright (1982); 4 species Megasporoporiella B.K.Cui, Y.C.Dai & Hai J.Li (2013); 5 species Melanoderma B.K.Cui & Y.C.Dai (2011); 2 species Melanoporella Murrill (1907); 1 species Microporellus Murrill (1905); 23 species Microporus P.Beauv. (1805); 12 species Mollicarpus Ginns (1984); 1 species Mycobonia Pat. (1894); 1 species Myriothele Nakasone (2013); 1 species Navisporus Ryvarden (1980); 6 species Neodatronia B.K.Cui, Hai J.Li & Y.C.Dai (2014); 2 species Neodictyopus Palacio, Robledo, Reck & Drechsler-Santos; 3 species Neofavolus Sotome & T.Hatt. (2013); 4 species Neofomitella Y.C.Dai, Hai J.Li & Vlasák (2015); 3 species Nigrofomes Murrill (1904); 2 species Pachykytospora Kotl. & Pouzar (1963); 3 species Panus Fr. (1838); 40 species Perenniporia Murrill (1942); 100 species Perenniporiella Decock & Ryvarden (2003); 5 species Perenniporiopsis C.L.Zhao (2017); 1 species Phaeotrametes Lloyd ex J.E.Wright (1966); 1 species Piloporia Niemelä (1982); 2 species Podofomes Pouzar (1966); 3 species Polyporus P.Micheli ex Adans. (1763); 279 species Porogramme (Pat.) Pat. (1900); 7 species Poronidulus Murrill (1904); 2 species Pseudofavolus Pat. (1900); 6 species Pseudopiptoporus Ryvarden (1980); 2 species Pseudomegasporoporia 1 species Pycnoporus P.Karst. (1881); 4 species Pyrofomes Kotl. & Pouzar (1964); 7 species Roseofavolus T.Hatt. (2003); 1 species Royoporus A.B.De (1996); 2 species Rubroporus Log.-Leite, Ryvarden & Groposo (2002); 2 species Ryvardenia Rajchenb. (1994); 2 species Sarcoporia P.Karst. (1894); 3 species Skeletocutis Kotl. & Pouzar (1958); 43 species Sparsitubus L.W.Hsu & J.D.Zhao (1980); 1 species Spongipellis Pat. (1887); 9 species Stiptophyllum Ryvarden (1973); 1 species Thermophymatospora Udagawa, Awao & Abdullah (1986); 1 species Tinctoporellus Ryvarden (1979); 4 species Trametes Fr. (1836); 195 species Trametopsis Tomšovský (2008); 1 species Tyromyces P.Karst. (1881); 119 species Truncospora Pilát (1953); 10 species Vanderbylia D.A.Reid (1973); 7 species Wolfiporia Ryvarden & Gilb. (1984); 6 species Xerotus Fr. (1828); 16 species Yuchengia B.K.Cui & Steffen (2013); 1 species
In a proposed family-level classification of the Polyporales based on molecular phylogenetics, Alfredo Justo and colleagues propose synonymizing the Ganodermataceae with the Polyporaceae, and accept 44 genera in this family: Abundisporus, Amauroderma, Cerarioporia, Colospora, Cryptoporus, Datronia, Datroniella, Dendrodontia, Dentocorticium, Dichomitus, Donkioporia, Earliella, Echinochaete, Epithele, Favolus, Fomes, Fomitella, Ganoderma, Grammothele, Grammothelopsis, Hexagonia, Haploporus, Hornodermoporus, Lentinus, Lignosus, Lopharia, Megasporia, Megasporoporia, Melanoderma, Microporellus, Microporus, Neodatronia, Neofavolus, Pachykytospora, Perenniporia, Perenniporiella, Pseudofavolus, Pyrofomes, Tinctoporellus, Tomophagus, Trametes, Truncospora, Vanderbylia, and Yuchengia.
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