1834–35 United States House of Representatives elections

The 1834–35 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between July 7, 1834, and November 5, 1835. Each state set its own date for its elections to the House of Representatives before the first session of the 24th United States Congress convened on December 7, 1835. They were held during President Andrew Jackson's second term. Elections were held for 240 seats that represented 24 states, as well as the at-large-district seat for the pending new U.S. state of Michigan.

Jacksonians benefitted from the president's continued popularity and the tight party organization of the nascent Democratic Party to win a large majority of House seats for the new Congress. Their primary opponents, the National Republicans, were coalescing and unifying as the Whig Party, reducing the influence of single-issue parties, the Anti-Masonic Party (an anti-Masonry movement) and the Nullifier Party (a John C. Calhoun-led states' rights party that supported South Carolina during the Nullification Crisis in 1832 and 1833). The Whig Party evolved from the National Republican Party and these minor parties. It appealed to diverse opponents of Jackson, including voters who perceived him as autocratic and brash, voters supporting greater spending and development on institutions and infrastructure, anti-Masons, and former Federalists. As the balance of power in the House remained unchanged, with Jacksonians holding 142 seats, this was the smallest loss by a President's party in the House as a result of the so-called six-year itch.

When the House convened in December 1835, future president James K. Polk, a staunch Jacksonian, was elected speaker. He defeated the incumbent speaker, John Bell, a Jacksonian who had split with the president on the national bank and other issues. Bell subsequently aligned himself with the National Republicans in the 24th Congress.

Election summary

Michigan was admitted during this Congress, adding 1 seat.

+ ↓ 75 16 8 142 National Republican Anti-Masonic Jacksonian

State Type Date Totalseats National Republican Anti-Masonic Jacksonian Nullifier Seats Change Seats Change Seats Change Seats Change Delaware At-large November 11, 1834 1 1 0 0 0 Georgia At-large October 6, 1834 9 0 0 9 0 Illinois Districts August 4, 1834 3 0 0 3 0 Louisiana Districts July 7–9, 1834 3 2 0 1 0 Maine Districts September 8, 1834 8 2 1 0 6 1 0 Massachusetts Districts November 10, 1834 12 8 1 3 1 1 0 New Jersey At-large October 14, 1834 6 0 0 6 0 New York Districts November 3–5, 1834 40 9 9 0 8 31 1 0 Ohio Districts October 14, 1834 19 9 3 1 1 9 2 0 Pennsylvania Districts October 14, 1834 28 3 1 8 2 17 3 0 South Carolina Districts October 13–14, 1834 9 0 0 2 1 7 1 Vermont Districts September 2, 1834 5 3 2 0 0 Late elections after the March 4, 1835 beginning of the term. New Hampshire At-large March 10, 1835 5 0 0 5 0 Virginia Districts April 1835 21 5 2 0 16 2 0 Connecticut At-large April 9, 1835 6 0 6 0 6 6 0 Alabama Districts August 3, 1835 5 2 2 0 2 2 1 Indiana Districts August 3, 1835 7 1 1 0 6 1 0 Missouri At-large August 3, 1835 2 1 0 1 0 Kentucky Districts August 5, 1835 13 9 0 4 0 Tennessee Districts August 5–6, 1835 13 9 8 0 4 8 0 North Carolina Districts August 13, 1835 13 7 0 6 0 Rhode Island At-large August 25, 1835 2 0 1 2 1 0 0 Maryland Districts October 5, 1835 8 4 2 0 4 2 0 Michigan At-large October 5, 1835 1 0 0 1 1 0 Mississippi At-large November 3–5, 1835 2 1 1 0 1 1 0 Total 241 1 75 12 16 9 142 8 1

Special elections

23rd Congress

| Jabez W. Huntington | | NationalRepublican | 1829 | data-sort-value="January 1, 1834" | Incumbent resigned August 16, 1834 to become judge of the Connecticut Supreme Court of Errors.New member elected April 11, 1834 and seated December 1, 1834.National Republican hold.Winner was not a candidate for the next term; see below.

| Samuel A. Foot | | NationalRepublican | 1833 | data-sort-value="January 1, 1834" | Incumbent resigned May 9, 1834 to become Governor of Connecticut.New member elected April 11, 1834 and seated December 1, 1834.National Republican hold.Winner later lost re-election; see below.

! | colspan=3 | Vacant | data-sort-value="August 4, 1834" | 1833 election of Thomas P. Moore declared invalid.House ordered new election.New member elected August 4, 1834 and seated December 1, 1834.National Republican gain.Winner was not a candidate for the next term; see below. | nowrap |

| Cornelius Lawrence | | Jacksonian | 1832 | | Incumbent resigned May 14, 1834 to become Mayor of New York City.New member elected November 3, 1834 and seated December 1, 1834.Jacksonian hold.

24th Congress

Alabama

Alabama elected its members August 3, 1835, after the beginning of the term but before the House convened.

Arkansas Territory See Non-voting delegates, below.

Connecticut

Connecticut elected its members April 9, 1835, after the beginning of the term but before the House convened.

Delaware

Delaware re-elected its member November 11, 1834.

Florida Territory See Non-voting delegates, below.

Georgia

Elections were held October 6, 1834.

Illinois

Illinois elected its three members on August 4, 1834.

Indiana

Indiana elected its members August 3, 1835, after the beginning of the term but before the House convened.

! | Ratliff Boon | | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | |- !

Kentucky

Kentucky elected its members August 5, 1835, after the beginning of the term but before the House convened.

1834–35 United States House of Representatives elections

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