Baryshnikov (masculine, ) or Baryshnikova (feminine, ) is a Russian surname derived from the occupation baryshnik, (profiteer, broker, money-lender, horse dealer, etc.) Notable people with the surname include:

Aleksandr Baryshnikov (1948–2024), Soviet athlete Anastasia Baryshnikova (born 1990), Russian taekwondo practitioner Anna Baryshnikov (born 1992), American actress Igor Baryshnikov (born 1959), Russian engineer and activist Mikhail Baryshnikov (born 1948), Russian American dancer Shura Baryshnikov (born 1981), American dancer, choreographer, dance educator and actress Yevhen Baryshnikov (born 1988), Ukrainian footballer

See also