The 1976 New Jersey Democratic presidential primary was held on June 6, 1976, in New Jersey as one of the Democratic Party's statewide nomination contests ahead of the 1976 United States presidential election.
In the binding delegate primary, a slate of ten uncommitted delegates won the statewide contest and uncommitted delegates won a large majority of the delegates elected at the legislative district level. Of the declared candidates, only Jimmy Carter won any delegates by capturing pluralities in several districts.
In the non-binding preference primary, Carter won a narrow majority over fractured opposition.
617,266 ballots were cast, breaking the record for a Democratic primary in New Jersey set in 1972, and in combination with the Republican primary held the same day, a higher percentage of eligible voters (28.1%) cast a ballot in the 1976 primaries than in any presidential year since 1952 (39%).
Background Primary campaign Throughout the spring, Jimmy Carter began winning a series of state primaries, leading the opposition to consolidate into a "Stop Carter" movement dedicated to denying him a majority of the pledged delegates and forcing a brokered convention. In March, Governor of California Jerry Brown and U.S. Senator Frank Church entered the race and won a combined eight states. With the latest filing deadline in the nation, April 29, New Jersey became the focus of the Stop Carter movement.
Many influential party leaders sought to draft Hubert Humphrey into the New Jersey primary against Carter. The Eagleton Institute of Politics poll released on April 23 showed that Humphrey would be the first choice of sixty-one percent of New Jersey Democratic primary voters if he entered the race; without Humphrey in the race, Carter led George Wallace and Scoop Jackson with a significant plurality of the vote. Many expected Humphrey to enter the race if Carter lost the Pennsylvania primary on April 27. However, Carter won Pennsylvania by twelve percent of the vote, and Humphrey declined to run in New Jersey in a televised news conference on the day of the filing deadline. (He would ultimately decline to be drafted altogether.)
Jerry Brown, who would benefit from the uncommitted slate if Humphrey remained out of the race, also chose not to enter his name into the New Jersey primary.
Procedure In the 1972 Democratic primary, delegates had been elected on a statewide and county basis. In 1976, ten delegates were elected on a statewide slate and two delegates were elected individually from each of the state's forty districts, with the exception of the 37th district, which elected three delegates because it had the highest voter turnout in the state in 1973 and 1974. Each district also elected one alternate delegate. Seventeen more delegates would be chosen later by the elected delegates, apportioned by the proportional vote for each of the candidates.
Candidates Jimmy Carter, former governor of Georgia Frank Church, U.S. senator from Idaho Jesse Gray, former New York state assemblyman (preference primary only) John S. Gonas, former chief judge of the Indiana Appellate Court (preference primary only) Frank Lomento, pretzel vendor and perennial candidate (preference primary only) Floyd L. Lunger, Mansfield Township carpenter (preference primary only) Ellen McCormack, chair of the New York State Right to Life Party Ray Rollinson, Columbia business machine salesman (preference primary only) Mo Udall, U.S. representative from Arizona (delegate primary only) George Wallace, governor of Alabama Withdrew Fred R. Harris, U.S. senator from Oklahoma (delegate candidates in 27th district only) Henry M. Jackson, U.S. senator from Washington
Declined Jerry Brown, Governor of California Hubert Humphrey, U.S. senator from Minnesota and former Vice President of the United States
Endorsements
Campaign Prior to Humphrey's decision not to run, state party chairman and state senator James P. Dugan began organizing a slate of delegates to support his candidacy. After his decision, the slate remained uncommitted and were joined by other Carter opponents, including U.S. senator Harrison A. Williams, Middlesex County chair Nicholas Venezia, Essex County chair Harry Lerner, Peter Rodino, and Paul T. Jordan.
The uncommitted campaign recruited recognizable state and local leaders and state legislators to stand as delegate candidates, with the expectation that they would support Humphrey, Brown, or any candidate other than Carter at the convention. The uncommitted campaign gained further momentum after Scoop Jackson withdrew on May 1, following his defeat in Pennsylvania. Many of his delegate candidates also withdrew from the race and endorsed the uncommitted slate.
The growing uncommitted slate undermined Governor Brendan Byrne, who had recruited delegate candidates for Carter and endorsed him on April 29. On May 6, Byrne stoked controversy by ordering Commissioner of Community Affairs Patricia Sheehan to fire Daniel Horgan, an uncommitted delegate candidate who had helped Dugan organize the slate. The same day, Byrne met Carter at Newark Airport and spoke on his behalf, but did not join Carter at an East Brunswick fundraiser.
Results Carter won the preference primary by a wide margin over Church and Jackson, whose name remained on the ballot even though his delegate slate did not. He carried all twenty-one counties in the state.
In the delegate primary, the at-large uncommitted slate beat the Carter slate by a margin of over 67,000 votes, winning 73 delegates overall while Carter took just 18. The Carter slate carried several counties, but in the district races in the same counties, popular Democratic legislators and local officials won several slots.
Preference primary results
Delegate primary results Delegate slate Candidate Delegate candidates Delegates Aggregate votes Statewide District Total Oftotal(%) Total Oftotal(%) Uncommitted 10 95 87 80.56 523,968 42.04 Carter for President 10 81 21 19.44 349,301 28.03 Udall for President 10 800 0 165,108 13.25 Wallace for President 10 730067,5875.42 Church for President 10 580067,0595.38 McCormack for President 10 64 0 0 46,389 3.72 Jackson for President 0 510020,8751.67 No Slogan 0 6002,9590.24 Democrat for U.N. Reform 0 4002,3400.19 Harris for President 0 2 0 0 7160.06 Total 60 514 91 100.0 1,246,302 100.00 Registered voters, and turnout
Delegate primary results by contest
+1976 New Jersey Democratic primaryContestDelegatesand popular vote Uncommitted Carter Udall Church Jackson Wallace McCormack Other TotalDelegates at-large73 471,8871st district223,1432nd district1112,0673rd district222,0694th district220,5365th district216,1546th district218,1977th district223,2438th district1116,7539th district1120,47410th district214,33411th district219,90712th district219,27013th district218,91914th district224,39815th district219,12916th district215,11717th district216,83518th district225,28019th district222,27820th district217,99521st district225,76822nd district217,05223rd district218,17024th district1114,70825th district219,03926th district224,91127th district2 (5.78%)23,15528th district215,84429th district118,85630th district219,08931st district226,54932nd district235,12133rd district223,49434th district212,97335th district29,77936th district214,01437th district333,43838th district213,23939th district1115,40640th district1116,821District subtotal6417773,524
Aftermath Ultimately, the New Jersey delegation cast its 108 votes for Carter at the 1976 Democratic National Convention. The vote came over the objection of assemblyman Francis J. Gorman, who shouted "No!" and sought to cast his vote for Jerry Brown. He was denied the right, and all votes were cast for Carter, who won the nomination with a large majority of delegate votes.
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