DIN sync, also called Sync24, is a synchronization interface for electronic musical instruments. It was introduced in 1980 by Roland Corporation and has been superseded by MIDI.
Definition and history
DIN sync was introduced in 1980 by Roland Corporation with the release of the TR-808 drum machine. The intended use was the synchronization of music sequencers, drum machines, arpeggiators and similar devices. It was superseded by MIDI in the mid-to-late 1980s.
DIN sync consists of two signals, clock (tempo) and run/stop. Both signals are TTL compatible, meaning the low state is 0 V and the high state is about +5 V. The clock signal is a low-frequency pulse wave suggesting the tempo. Instead of measuring the waveform's frequency, the machine receiving the signal merely has to count the number of pulses to work out when to increment its position in the music. Roland equipment uses 24 pulses per quarter note, known as Sync24. Therefore, a Roland-compatible device playing sixteenth notes would have to advance to the next note every time it receives 6 pulses. Korg equipment uses 48 pulses per quarter note. The run/stop signal indicates whether the sequence is playing or not.
If a device is a DIN sync sender, the positive slope of start/stop must reset the clock signal, and the clock signal must start with a delay of 9 ms.See service manual TR-808, Fig.8 and Fig.9
A detailed description on how to implement a DIN sync sender with Play, Pause, Continue and Stop functionality was published by E-RM Erfindungsbüro.
Pinouts DIN sync is so named because it uses 5-pin DIN connectors, the same as used for MIDI. DIN sync itself is not a DIN standard. Note that despite using the same connectors as MIDI, it uses different pins on these connectors (1, 2, and 3 rather than MIDI's 2, 4 and 5), so a cable made specifically for MIDI will not necessarily have the pins required for DIN sync connected. In some applications the remaining DIN sync pins (4 and 5) are used as tap and fill in or reset and start, but this differs from one device to another.
+ DIN sync pinout Pin Purpose Notes 1 start/stop stop = 0 volt, start = +5 volt 2 ground 3 clock symmetric pulse wave 0/+5 volt, the positive slope determines the clock step 4 reset start optional; same voltages as start/stop; the reset is valid for the song mode of Roland machines 5 fill in optional; same voltages as start/stop; it activated the fill-in function of the TR-808 and TR-606
Some manufacturers offer DIN sync over a 3.5 mm TRS minijack connection. Similar to the MIDI standard over TRS minijack, the aim is to reduce space in the device with a smaller connector.Beatstep Pro review
+ DIN sync pinout over 3.5 mm TRS connector Pin Purpose Notes Tip clock symmetric pulse wave 0/+5 volt, the positive slope determines the clock step Ring start/stop stop = 0 volt, start = +5 volt Sleeve ground
Relation to other clock systems
Other clock systems
The MIDI interface uses the same 5-pin DIN connectors but is electrically not compatible with DIN sync. The MIDI protocol features a MIDI beat clock. MIDI beat clock also works with 24 ticks per quarter note. MIDI timecode is used for more general timecode synchronization applications.
Analog clock signals are equivalent to the clock signal at pin 3 of DIN sync interface. The clock rate is usually higher than the DIN sync's rate. Typical values are 48, 96 or 192 pulses per quarter note (examples: Oberheim DMX, DX, DSX; LinnDrum 1 and 2).
Analog trigger signals transfer a pulse per musical event. For instance, a trigger corresponds to a step of an analog sequencer or an arpeggiator, a step in a rhythm pattern. Typical analog triggers run at four pulses per quarter note.
Combining with other clock systems
The combination of DIN sync with a different clock system can be achieved either by converting the format or the clock rate (see list below) or by using a central unit (so-called master clock), which provides multiple clock formats. The approach with a master clock is usually chosen, especially if synchronization with absolute time is required, such as synchronization with a tape recorder or with video footage.
Typical devices which can act as a master clock and provide DIN sync include the Sim'n Tonic Nome II, Roland SBX-80, Roland SBX-10, Friendchip SRC, E-RM multiclock and Yamaha MSS1. Many drum machines that have DIN sync and MIDI clock outputs can act as a master clock for those two formats.
Though DIN sync and MIDI clock have the same clock rate, they require a conversion of the format within a microprocessor or similar. The conversion from MIDI clock to DIN sync is available in many industrial devices. The conversion from DIN sync to MIDI clock can be performed by devices such as 'Sync-Split2' from Innerclock Systems, or D-Sync by Kenton Electronics. Also, two no longer produced devices do this type of conversion: Roland SBX10, Korg KMS30. On September 1, 2014, Roland introduced the SBX-1, which provides MIDI to sync24 or sync48 conversion.
To get an analog trigger or clock from the DIN syncs clock signal one has to use digital frequency division or frequency multiplication. The Electro-Harmonix Clockworks is one device that can provide a clock division. The Roland SBX10 can convert into a 48, 96, and 120 PPQN clock.
Devices
Some devices have a DIN sync input as well as DIN sync output, other devices have only a single DIN socket, which sometimes can be switched between input and output. Company Model In / Out PPQN Remark Abstrakt Instruments Avalon In and out 24 Conversion between MIDI & DIN sync, can output both simultaneously Acidlab Bassline Switchable 24 Adafruit x0xb0x Switchable 24 Converts DIN sync to MIDI and MIDI to DIN sync Arturia BeatStep Pro In and out 24/48 Provided over TRS connector. 1PPS, DIN24, DIN48 Arturia Drumbrute In and out 24/48 1PPS, 2PPQ, DIN24, DIN48 or analog clock (Note: Arturia Drumbrute offers DIN sync, Minibrute does not appear to support DIN) Arturia Drumbrute Impact In and out 24/48 Provided over TRS connector. 1PPS, 2PPQ, DIN24, DIN48 or analog clock audiowerkstatt din2midi2din In and out 24/48 Conversion from MIDI to DIN sync and DIN sync to MIDI (sync24/sync48) audiowerkstatt din-restarter In and out 24/48 Tool for synchronized start/stop of DIN sync devices (sync24/sync48) Behringer RD-8 In and out Various 1 PPQ, 2 PPQ, 4 PPQ, 24 PPQ, 48 PPQ. Provided over TRS connector, rate configurable on the device. Behringer TD-3-(MO) In only Various 1 PPQ, 2 PPQ, 4 PPQ, 24 PPQ, 48 PPQ. Provided over TRS connector, rate configurable on the device. Detachment 3 Archangel In and out 24 Conversion between MIDI & DIN, can output both simultaneously DoepferM.A.U.S.I.Out onlyConversion from MIDI to DIN sync, a division factor can be set Doepfer MCV-24 Out only Up to 24 Conversion from MIDI to DIN sync, a division factor can be set Doepfer MSY2 Out only 1.5 to 24 Conversion from MIDI to DIN sync, a division factor can be set between 1:1 and 1:16 Elektron Analog Four / Analog Four MKII / Analog Keys Out only 24/48 MIDI Out jack and/or MIDI Thru jack can be set up to output DIN sync24/sync48 Elektron Analog Rytm / Analog Rytm MKII Out only 24/48 MIDI Out jack and/or MIDI Thru jack can be set up to output DIN sync24/sync48 Elektron Analog Heat Out only 24/48 MIDI Out jack and/or MIDI Thru jack can be set up to output DIN sync24/sync48 Elektron Digitakt Out only 24/48 MIDI Out jack and/or MIDI Thru jack can be set up to output DIN sync24/sync48 Elektron Digitone/Digitone Keys Out only 24/48 MIDI Out jack and/or MIDI Thru jack can be set up to output DIN sync24/sync48 Elektron Syntakt Out only 24/48 MIDI Out jack and/or MIDI Thru jack can be set up to output DIN sync24/sync48 E-RM Erfindungsbüro Midiclock⁺ Out only 4, 24 Switchable MIDI / sync out jack can be set up to output sync24 or analog clock (4 PPQN) Future Retro Mobius Out only 24 Provides MIDI to DIN sync conversion Future Retro Revolution Out only 24 Provides MIDI to DIN sync conversionJMK Music PedalsCLOCKstep:MULTIOut only24Outputs DIN sync and MIDI Clock. Provides conversion from MIDI Clock to DIN Sync. JoMoX XBase09 Switchable 24 Kawai R-100 Switchable Kenton Electronics Pro-2 Out only 24 Provides MIDI clock to DIN sync conversion Kenton Electronics Pro-4 Out only 24 Provides MIDI clock to DIN sync conversion Kenton Electronics Pro-2000 / Pro-2000 mkII Out only 24 Provides MIDI clock to DIN sync conversion Kenton Electronics Pro Solo mkII Out only 24 Provides MIDI clock to DIN sync conversion Kenton Electronics Pro Solo mk3 Out only Various Provides MIDI clock to DIN sync conversion Kenton Electronics D-SYNC In and out 24/48 Provides MIDI clock to DIN sync / DIN sync to MIDI clock conversion KOMA Elektronik RH301 In and out 24 sync24; converts MIDI & analogue clock to DIN sync and DIN sync to MIDI and analogue clock Korg KPR-77 Switchable 48 Korg DDM-110 Switchable 48 Korg DDM-220 Switchable 48 Korg SQ-64 Out only 4/12/24/48 Provided over TRS connector, rate configurable on the device. Sync in does not support run/stop. MAM SQ-16 Out only 24 x0x style MIDI sequencer Novation DrumStation Out only 24 Converts MIDI clock to DIN sync Roland MC-202 In and out 24 Two outputs Roland MC-4 Switchable Various Roland MPU-401 Out only 24 Roland TB-303 In only 24 The TB-303 has a switch in the DIN socket, which disables the internal clock and enables the external DIN sync. DIN Sync out can be achieved unofficially if the DIN connector is not completely inserted in the socket. RolandTR-606In or out24The TR-606 has a switch on the back which selects DIN sync IN or DIN sync OUT.RolandTR-707 / TR-727Out only24The TR-707 may even convert MIDI to DIN sync in certain modesRoland TR-808In and out24The TR-808 has a switch on the back which selects DIN sync IN or DIN sync OUT.RolandTR-909In only24 Roland CR-8000 In and out 24 Roland CSQ-600 Out only 12 Also provides a special CSQ-Clock and clock for the CR-78 (12 PPQN) Roland JSQ-60 Out only (2x) 24 Roland Jupiter-8 In only 12 For synchronizing arpeggio Roland MSQ-100 In and out 24 Roland MSQ-700 In and out 24 Roland SBX-1 In and out 24 SequentixP3Out only24MIDI Sync Out can be modified to output DIN sync24SequentixCirklonOut only24/48Use SYNC port Sim'n Tonic Midronome Out only 1-24 MIDI Master Clock with sync24 outputolder model Sim'n Tonic Nome II Out only 1-24 MIDI Master Clock with sync24 outputSTG SoundlabsTime SuiteIn only24Synthstrom AudibleDelugeIn and outVariousTrigger in via 3.5mm tip; trigger out on Gates 3 and 4 for start/stop and clock, respectively. Tama TSQ-1000 Switchable This is a trigger sequencer which provides six trigger tracks.
Note that sync48 devices can be combined with sync24 devices if 32nd notes are programmed instead of 16th notes.
References
External links
Doepfer general FAQ: Sync specification Philip Rees MDS Sync Unit DC - freeware DIN Sync generator ByteNoise: DIN sync