Ashland is a city in Boyd County, Kentucky, United States. It is located on the southern bank of the Ohio River at the state border with Ohio and near West Virginia. The population was 21,625 at the 2020 census, making it the most populous city in Boyd County. It is a principal city of the Huntington–Ashland metropolitan area, referred to locally as the "Tri-State area" and home to 376,155 residents in 2020. Ashland serves as an important economic and medical center for northeastern Kentucky. Ashland is a home-rule class city under Kentucky law.
History
Ashland dates back to the migration of the Poage family from the Shenandoah Valley via the Cumberland Gap in 1786. They erected a homestead along the Ohio River and named it Poage's Landing. Also called Poage Settlement, the community that developed around it remained an extended-family affair until the mid-19th century. In 1854, the city name was changed to Ashland after Henry Clay's Ashland estate in Lexington and to reflect the city's growing industrial base.
The city's early industrial growth was a result of the Ohio Valley's pig iron industry and, particularly, the 1854 charter of the Kentucky Iron, Coal, and Manufacturing Company by the Kentucky General Assembly. The city was formally incorporated by the General Assembly two years later in 1856. In 1881, Ashland was the site of the Ashland tragedy which took the lives of three people.
Major industrial employers in the first half of the 20th century included Armco, Ashland Oil and Refining Company, the C&O Railroad, Allied Chemical & Dye Company's Semet Solvay, and Mansbach Steel.
Geography
Ashland lies within the ecoregion of the Western Allegheny Plateau.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and , or 0.30%, is water.
Cityscape
Ashland's central business district extends from 12th Street to 18th Street, and from Carter Avenue to Greenup Avenue. It includes many historically preserved and notable buildings, such as the Paramount Arts Center and the Ashland Bank Building, which serves as a reminder of what Ashland leaders hoped the city would become.
Climate Ashland is in the humid subtropical climate zone, and distinctly experiences all four seasons, with vivid fall foliage and occasional snow in winter. The average high is 88 °F in July, the warmest month, with the average lows of 19 °F occurring in January, the coolest month. The highest recorded temperature was 105 °F in July 1954. The lowest recorded temperature was −25 °F in January 1994. Average annual precipitation is , with the wettest month being July, averaging .
Demographics
2020 census
As of the 2020 census, Ashland had a population of 21,625. The median age was 40.6 years. 22.7% of residents were under the age of 18 and 18.8% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 87.9 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 83.8 males age 18 and over.
100.0% of residents lived in urban areas, while 0.0% lived in rural areas.
There were 9,202 households in Ashland, of which 28.9% had children under the age of 18 living in them. Of all households, 38.3% were married-couple households, 18.8% were households with a male householder and no spouse or partner present, and 34.9% were households with a female householder and no spouse or partner present. About 34.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.
There were 10,425 housing units, of which 11.7% were vacant. The homeowner vacancy rate was 3.0% and the rental vacancy rate was 9.6%.
+ Racial composition as of the 2020 census Race Number PercentWhite 19,442 89.9%Black or African American 636 2.9%American Indian and Alaska Native 71 0.3%Asian 150 0.7%Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander 5 0.0%Some other race 209 1.0%Two or more races 1,112 5.1%Hispanic or Latino (of any race) 421 1.9%
2000 census
There were 9,675 households, out of which 26.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.4% were married couples living together, 13.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.0% were non-families. 33.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.23 and the average family size was 2.82.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 21.9% under the age of 18, 8.0% from 18 to 24, 26.5% from 25 to 44, 23.7% from 45 to 64, and 19.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 83.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 79.3 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $45,414. Males had a median income of $35,362 versus $23,994 for females. The per capita income for the city was $26,101. About 23% of the population were below the poverty line, including 28.3% of those under age 18 and 12.3% of those age 65 or over.
Economy American Rolling Mill Co. (ARMCO) opened its steel mill, Ashland Works, in 1922. The facility grew to cover along the Ohio River. It set world records in production, and eventually employed about 7,000 people. Local scrap drives were held during World War II to support production at the plant.Daniel, Jerry.
ARMCO Steel partnered with Kawasaki Steel Corporation in 1994. AK Steel eventually purchased Armco Steel Inc. At one time, Armco employed over 4,000 people at its West Works, Foundry, and Coke Plant. AK Steel employed under 1,000 after the closing of the Foundry and Coke Plant and the downsizing of its West Works. AK shut down completely in 2019.
Arts and culture
Annual cultural events and fairs Festival of Trees Poage Landing Days Summer Motion Winter Wonderland of Lights Firkin Fest craft beer festival My Old Kentucky Herf (Largest Cigar Festival in KY, OH and WV)
Historical structures and museums The Paramount Arts Center, an Art Deco style movie theater built in 1930, is located on Winchester Avenue. The converted theater serves as an important venue for the arts in eastern Kentucky and the neighboring sections of Ohio and West Virginia. It is well noted for its Festival of Trees event during the winter season. The Paramount is also devoted to teaching children the importance of the arts. Summer classes are offered for school-age children.
Also along Winchester Avenue is the Highlands Museum and Discovery Center. Among its numerous exhibits, one about Country Music Heritage pays tribute to the music artists from along U.S. Route 23 in Kentucky. Two locals, The Judds from Ashland, and Billy Ray Cyrus from nearby Flatwoods, are included.
The Pendleton Art Center, formed in 2005, is located within the downtown. The works produced include paintings, stained glass, carved gourds, and wood carvings by local artists. They are displayed at the Pendleton the first Friday and Saturday of every month and at other times by appointment.
The Jesse Stuart Foundation, an organization dedicated to the preservation of the literary legacy of Jesse Stuart and other Appalachian writers, was at one time located within an earshot of the Pendleton Arts Center. Jesse Stuart, a well-known 20th-century author, was from nearby Greenup, Kentucky.
Parks and recreation
Ashland boasts a Central Park.
In July 1976, a new park at the former Clyffeside Park was envisioned. Named after Commissioner Johnny Oliverio, it features several baseball diamonds, and is located along Winchester Avenue near 39th Street.
In 2004, the AK Steel Sports Park was constructed along Blackburn Avenue in South Ashland. The sports-oriented park features several baseball diamonds, soccer fields and an incomplete skate park.
Government
Local government Ashland is governed by a City Manager form of government."Ashland Police Department." Ashland Police Department. December 30, 2006 . The government switched from a council-manager to a city commissioner-manager form of government in 1950. The City Manager is the chief administrative officer for the city who reports to a Board of Commissioners. Department heads ranging from the Police to Public Works report to the City Manager. The interim City Manager is currently Tony Grubb.
The Mayor of Ashland is elected for a four-year term and is not term-limited. The mayor presides over City Commission meetings, is a voting member of the City Commission and represents the city at major functions. The current mayor is Chuck D. Charles.
Ashland's current City Commission members are Mayor Chuck Charles and Commissioners Marty Gute, Sonny Martin, Tim Renfroe and D.J Rymer.
In 1925, a new city hall was erected at the corner of 17th Street and Greenup Avenue.
Federal representation The Federal Bureau of Prisons operates the Federal Correctional Institution, Ashland in Summit, unincorporated Boyd County,"Admissions & Orientation (A&O) Handbook." Federal Correctional Institution, Ashland. 1 (1/51). Retrieved on February 1, 2011. "The Federal Correctional Institution of Ashland, Kentucky, is located five miles southwest of Ashland in Summit, Kentucky.""FCI Ashland Contact Information." Federal Bureau of Prisons. Retrieved on February 1, 2011. "FCI ASHLAND FEDERAL CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTION ST. ROUTE 716 ASHLAND, KY 41105." southwest of central Ashland."FCI Ashland." Federal Bureau of Prisons. Retrieved on February 1, 2011.
The United States Postal Service operates the Ashland Post Office and the Unity Contract Station."Post Office™ Location - ASHLAND ." United States Postal Service. Retrieved on February 1, 2011."Post Office™ Location - UNITY CONTRACT STATION ." United States Postal Service. Retrieved on February 1, 2011.
The United States District Court for the Eastern District of Kentucky maintains courtroom and office facilities in the Carl D. Perkins United States Courthouse & Federal Building in downtown Ashland.
Education
All public schools within city limits are operated by the Ashland Independent School District. Public schools outside of city limits are operated by the Boyd County School District and the Fairview Independent School District. Some portions of the city limits are in the Boyd and Fairview school districts. - Text list - For more detailed boundaries of the independent school districts see:
Ashland has five public elementary schools, Hager Elementary, Oakview Elementary, Crabbe Elementary School, Poage Elementary and Charles Russell Elementary. Hatcher Elementary closed its doors in Spring 2010. Its students and much of its resources were consolidated with the other elementary schools in Fall 2010., Mike, James. "Goodbye to Hatcher." The Independent. May 30, 2010. Access date: June 5, 2010. The former Hatcher Elementary building now serves as the Ashland Independent Schools Central Office.
There is one public middle school, Ashland Middle School, formerly known as George M. Verity Middle School and Putnam Junior High School., Maynard, Mark. "Board votes to change Verity to Ashland Middle School." The Independent. December 19, 2013. Access date: August 17, 2014., James, Mike. "It's Ashland Middle School now." The Independent. August 13, 2014. Access date: August 17, 2014. The campus is home to Putnam Stadium which serves as the home field for Ashland Tomcats high school and middle school football.