Mao Zejian (; 5 October 1905 – 20 August 1929) was a cousin of Mao Zedong, executed by the Kuomintang following the Autumn Harvest Uprising. She was the daughter of Zedong's paternal uncle Mao Weisheng () and aunt Mrs. Chen ().
Zejian lived with Mao Zedong's parents from the age of 5 as her father could not afford to feed her. After Zedong's parents died in 1920, Zejian unwillingly married a fruit seller in Changsha at the age of 15, as a child bride, where she was maltreated in the new family. In 1921 she divorced her husband and followed Mao Zedong to Changsha, where she attended women's polytechnic school. She joined the Communist Party in 1923, and changed her name to Mao Daxiang (). In the same year she was admitted to Hengyang Provincial Third Women's Normal School. She married a communist member Chen Fen () in 1925.
In 1928 she joined an uprising led by Zhu De and Chen Yi in Leiyang, part of the Autumn Harvest Uprising. She then led uprising activities as a guerrilla soldier around Hunan. In May 1928 she was caught in a guerrilla activity together with her husband Chen Fen, and tortured in prison. Her child, born in prison, was killed by Kuomintang forces shortly after birth. She was executed in Hengshan () on 20 August 1929, aged 23.
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