IARC group 2A agents are substances and exposure circumstances that have been classified as probable carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). This designation is applied when there is limited evidence of carcinogenicity in humans, as well as sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals. In some cases, an agent may be classified in this group when there is inadequate evidence of carcinogenicity in humans along with sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals and strong evidence that the carcinogenesis is mediated by a mechanism that also operates in humans. Exceptionally, an agent may be classified in this group solely on the basis of limited evidence of carcinogenicity in humans.
This list is focusing on the hazard linked to the agents. This means that the carcinogenic agents are capable of causing cancer, but this does not take their risk into account, which is the probability of causing a cancer given the level of exposure to this carcinogenic agent. The list is uptodate as of January 2024.
Agents
Substances Acrolein Acrylamide Androgenic (anabolic) steroids Aniline Aniline hydrochloride ortho-Anisidine hydrochloride Azacitidine BCNU (Bischloroethyl nitrosourea) 2-Bromopropane Captafol Chloral Chloral hydrate Chloramphenicol α-Chlorinated toluenes (benzal chloride, benzotrichloride, benzyl chloride) and benzoyl chloride (combined exposures) CCNU (1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea) 4-Chloro-o-toluidine Chlorozotocin Cisplatin Cobalt(II) salts, soluble Cyclopenta[c,d]pyrene Diazinon Dibenz[a,j]acridine Dibenz[a,h]anthracene Dibenzo[a,l]pyrene Dichloromethane (methylene chloride) 4,4'-Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) Diethyl sulfate Dieldrin, and aldrin metabolized to dieldrin Dimethylcarbamoyl chloride Dimethylformamide 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine Dimethyl sulfate Doxorubicin Epichlorohydrin Ethylene dibromide Ethyl carbamate (urethane) N-Ethyl-N-nitrosourea Glycidol Glycidyl methacrylate Glyphosate Hydrazine Indium phosphide 2-Amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ) Lead compounds, inorganic Malathion 5-Methoxypsoralen Methyleugenol Methyl methanesulfonate Mercaptobenzothiozole MNNG (N-Methyl-N'''-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine) N-Methyl-N-nitrosourea Nitrate or nitrite (ingested) under conditions that result in endogenous nitrosation ortho-Nitroanisole Nitrogen mustard 1-Nitropyrene N-Nitrosodiethylamine (DEN) N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) Nitrotoluene 6-Nitrochrysene Phenacetin Pioglitazone Polybrominated biphenyls Procarbazine hydrochloride 1,3-Propane sultone Silicon carbide whiskers Styrene (industrial exposure) Styrene-7,8-oxide Teniposide Tetrabromobisphenol A 3,3',4,4'-Tetrachloroazobenzene Tetrachloroethylene Tetrafluoroethylene 1,1,1-Trichloroethane 1,2,3-Trichloropropane Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate Trivalent antimony Vinyl bromide Vinyl fluoride
Pathogens Malaria (caused by infection with Plasmodium falciparum'' in holoendemic areas) Human papillomavirus type 68 Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV)
Mixtures Bitumens, occupational exposure to oxidized bitumens and their emissions during roofing Creosotes (from coal tars) High-temperature frying, emissions from Household combustion of biomass fuel (primarily wood), indoor emissions from Non-arsenical insecticides (occupational exposures in spraying and application of) Red meat (consumption of) Mate, hot (see Very hot beverages) Very hot beverages at above 65 °C (drinking)
Exposure circumstances Art glass, glass containers and pressed ware (manufacture of) Carbon electrode manufacture Cobalt metal with tungsten carbide Cobalt metal without tungsten carbide or other metal alloys Hairdresser or barber (occupational exposure as a) Petroleum refining (occupational exposures in) Night shift work
See also IARC group 1 IARC group 2B IARC group 3
References
External links Description of the list of classifications , IARC List of Classifications (latest version)
List of Classifications by cancer sites with sufficient or limited evidence in humans, Volumes 1 to 124 (Last update: 8 July 2019)
ja:IARC発がん性リスク一覧