Wells County is a county in the U.S. state of Indiana. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 28,180. Its seat of government is Bluffton. Wells County is included in the Fort Wayne Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Fort Wayne—Huntington—Auburn Combined Statistical Area.
History The Territory of Indiana was established in 1800 as legitimized by the Northwest Ordinance of 1787. The governing structure established through this act began creating counties in the territory as it became increasingly populated. In December 1816, the State of Indiana was admitted to the Union. Wells was named after famous frontiersmen William A. Wells who played a central role in the Northwest Indian Wars and the activity surrounding Fort Miami and Kekionga.Captain William A. Wells was captured by Native Americans as a young boy and adopted by the Miami chief Little Turtle. He eventually became a scout for Gen. "Mad Anthony" Wayne. Capt. Wells was killed by Potawatomi allied with the British at the Battle of Fort Dearborn at the outbreak of the War of 1812. It was initially assigned to Allen County for legislative and administrative affairs.
In the winter of 1835, Col. John Vowter of Jennings County, Chairman of the Committee on New Counties, introduced a bill proposing that the assembly "lay out all the unorganized territory to which the Indian title had been extinguished in the state into a suitable number of counties". This bill would be approved later that year on February 7, effectively creating thirteen Northern Indiana counties, one of which was Wells.
On February 2, 1837, an act was passed by the state, authorizing Wells County to be organized independent of Allen County, and specifying May 1 for the date of the first meeting. However, that meeting did not take place, and so an act dated January 20, 1838, authorized the meeting of appointed commissioners to decide on a county seat. That vote was completed on March 5, 1838, selecting Bluffton.
Geography The Wabash River flows to the northwest, draining the central and upper part of the county, while the lower part is drained by the Salamonie River, also flowing to the northwest.Wells County IN (Google Maps, accessed 6 August 2020) The highest point on the terrain ( ASL) is an isolated rise on the county's south borderline with Jay County, one-half mile (0.8 km) east of the NE corner of Blackford County.Wells County High Point, Indiana (PeakBagger.com, accessed 6 August 2020)
According to the 2010 census, the county has a total area of , of which (or 99.42%) is land and (or 0.58%) is water.
Adjacent counties
Allen County - north Adams County - east Jay County - southeast Blackford County - south Grant County - west Huntington County - northwest
City and towns
Bluffton (city/county seat) Markle (town; partly in Huntington County) Ossian (town) Poneto (town - named Worthington from 1871 to 1881) Uniondale (town) Vera Cruz (town) Zanesville (town; partly in Allen County)
Unincorporated communities
Craigville Curryville Dillman Domestic Five Points Greenville Greenwood Keystone Kingsland Liberty Center McNatts Mount Zion Murray North Oaks Nottingham Petroleum Phenix Reiffsburg Riverside Rockford Tocsin Toll Gate Heights Travisville Wellsburg
Townships
Chester Harrison Jackson Jefferson Lancaster Liberty Nottingham Rockcreek Union
Major highways
Interstate 69 U.S. Route 224 State Road 1 State Road 3 State Road 116 State Road 124 State Road 201 State Road 218 State Road 301
Demographics
Racial and ethnic composition +Wells County, Indiana – Racial and ethnic compositionRace / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic)Pop 1980Pop 1990Pop 2000Pop 2010 Pop 2020% 1980% 1990% 2000% 2010% 2020White alone (NH)25,13925,59126,88426,60426,00098.97%98.62%97.41%96.27%92.26%Black or African American alone (NH)41041892200.02%0.04%0.15%0.32%0.78%Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH)16404371500.06%0.15%0.16%0.26%0.18%Asian alone (NH)2540561021300.10%0.15%0.20%0.37%0.46%Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone (NH)x included in the Asian category in the 1980 Censusx included in the Asian category in the 1990 Census735xx0.03%0.01%0.02%Other race alone (NH)6544400.02%0.02%0.01%0.01%0.14%Mixed race or Multiracial (NH)x not an option in the 1980 Censusx not an option in the 1990 Census168199716xx0.61%0.72%2.54%Hispanic or Latino (any race)2112623975641,0190.83%1.01%1.44%2.04%3.62%Total25,40125,94827,60027,63628,180 100.00%100.00%100.00%100.00%100.00%
2020 census As of the 2020 census, the county had a population of 28,180. The median age was 41.1 years. 24.2% of residents were under the age of 18 and 19.3% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 98.2 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 95.4 males age 18 and over.
The racial makeup of the county was 93.4% White, 0.8% Black or African American, 0.3% American Indian and Alaska Native, 0.5% Asian, <0.1% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander, 1.1% from some other race, and 3.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race comprised 3.6% of the population.
36.7% of residents lived in urban areas, while 63.3% lived in rural areas.
There were 11,134 households in the county, of which 30.2% had children under the age of 18 living in them. Of all households, 55.0% were married-couple households, 16.7% were households with a male householder and no spouse or partner present, and 22.3% were households with a female householder and no spouse or partner present. About 26.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.
There were 11,938 housing units, of which 6.7% were vacant. Among occupied housing units, 77.7% were owner-occupied and 22.3% were renter-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.3% and the rental vacancy rate was 10.3%.
2010 census As of the 2010 United States census, there were 27,636 people, 10,780 households, and 7,684 families in the county. The population density was . There were 11,659 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the county was 97.3% white, 0.4% Asian, 0.3% American Indian, 0.3% black or African American, 0.8% from other races, and 0.9% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 2.0% of the population. In terms of ancestry, 38.4% were German, 12.3% were English, 10.8% were Irish, and 10.3% were American. Of the 10,780 households, 33.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.1% were married couples living together, 8.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 28.7% were non-families, and 24.8% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 3.00. The median age was 40.2 years.
The median income for a household in the county was $47,697 and the median income for a family was $56,885. Males had a median income of $41,871 versus $30,031 for females. The per capita income for the county was $23,169. About 6.2% of families and 8.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.8% of those under age 18 and 3.6% of those age 65 or over.
Climate and weather
In recent years, average temperatures in Bluffton have ranged from a low of in January to a high of in July, although a record low of was recorded in January 1985 and a record high of was recorded in July 1980. Average monthly precipitation ranged from in February to in May.
Government
The county government is a constitutional body, and is granted specific powers by the Constitution of Indiana, and by the Indiana Code.
County Council: The legislative branch of the county government; controls spending and revenue collection in the county. Representatives are elected to four-year terms from county districts. They set salaries, the annual budget, and special spending. The council has limited authority to impose local taxes, in the form of an income and property tax that is subject to state level approval, excise taxes, and service taxes.
Board of Commissioners: The executive body of the county; commissioners are elected county-wide to staggered four-year terms. One commissioner serves as president. While another will serve as Vice President of the Board. One member will serves as just a member. There is a total of three commissioners. The commissioners execute acts legislated by the council, collect revenue, and manage the county government.
Court: The county maintains a small claims court that handles civil cases. The judge on the court is elected to a term of four years. The judge is assisted by a constable who is also elected to a four-year term. In some cases, court decisions can be appealed to the state level circuit court.
County Officials: The county has other elected offices, including sheriff, coroner, auditor, treasurer, recorder, surveyor, and circuit court clerk. The officers are elected to four-year terms. Members elected to county government positions are required to declare party affiliations and to be residents of the county.
Education School districts include Bluffton-Harrison Metropolitan School District, Northern Wells Community Schools, and Southern Wells Community Schools. - Text list
See also National Register of Historic Places listings in Wells County, Indiana
References
Bibliography
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External links William Wells
Further reading
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