The Zimbabwe National Road Administration (ZINARA) is a Zimbabwean parastatal responsible for the management, maintenance and development of Zimbabwe's national road network.
Background The Zimbabwe National Road Administration (ZINARA) falls under the Ministry of Transport, Communication and Infrastructural Development and was established in August 2001, in terms of the Roads Act of 2001 with the aim of enhancing road network system throughout the Zimbabwe.Company History Zinara.co.zw|Index|Retrieved 12 April 2016
ZINARA's vision and mission is to become a world class road manager, providing secure, stable and adequate reservoir of funds, to fund effectively maintenance of the national road network through fixing, collection, disbursement and monitoring of funds usage for preservation, enhancement and sustainable development.Report on ARMFA.18 November 2011 |ARMFA_Focal_Group_REPORT |5.0 Country Reports and Discussions. 5.1 Zimbabwe. Roadfund.org|Documents|Retrieved 15 April 2016
Governance ZINARA is run under the Ministry of Transport, Communication and Infrastructural Development
ZINARA consists of a part-time Board of Directors which serves for a three-year period, and a full-time CEO. ZINARA Governance Zinara.co.zw|Index|Retrieved 12 April 2016 It has 12 board members and 7 senior managers in 7 departments.Report on ARMFA.18 November 2011 |ARMFA_Focal_Group_REPORT |5.0 Country Reports and Discussions. 5.1 Zimbabwe. Roadfund.org|Documents|Retrieved 15 April 2016
Board Members ZINARA Board Members as of Monday, 8 October 2019 were 12 members: ZINARA Board Members Zinara.co.zw|Index|Retrieved 12 April 2016
• The Board Chairman
• The Vice - Board Chairman
• The 10 Board Members
Executive team The ZINARA Executive team as on Monday, 28 October 2019 were as follows: ZINARA Executive Team Zinara.co.zw|Index|Retrieved 12 April 2016
• Mr. Nkosinathi Ncube (CEO)
• Mr. G. Moyo (Director: Administration)
• Mrs. V. Muzite (Company Secretary)
Road Authorities The Zimbabwe National Road Administration (ZINARA) is responsible for managing the Road Fund and disbursing the local road authorities. The local road authorities are:
• The Department of Roads in the Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure Development which is responsible for trunk roads.
• The Urban Councils responsible for urban roads.
• The Rural District Councils (RDC) and the District Development Fund (DDF) which are responsible rural roads.Appraisal Report, African Development Bank. December 2013 Zimbabwe: transport sector master plan study TradeMark Southern Africa (TMSA) - Advancing Regional Integration in Southern.|Retrieved 12 April 2016Road Authorities Zinara.co.zw|Index|Retrieved 12 April 2016
Road Network The road network excluding urban roads totals 76,241 km of which 9,256 km or 12.1% are bitumen surfaced.Road Network Zinara.co.zw|Index|Retrieved 12 April 2016Map 9.1 Road Transport Services and Infrastructure-African African Development Bank|Zimbabwe Report. Chapter 9|Retrieved 12 April 2016
Road Network Thursday, 1 November 2012 10:31 Most of these roads are more than 30 years and therefore requires complete rehabilitation works. ZINARA has in the past 9 years been able to fund the routine and periodic maintenance countrywide.
Road Categories Classified roads fall under three categories.Chapter 9 Road Transport Services and Infrastructure-African African Development Bank|Zimbabwe Report. Chapter 9|Retrieved 12 April 2016
1. Regional Trunk Road Network (RTRN): Roads linking countries within southern African region.
2. Secondary Roads: Those roads that connect regional, primary, tertiary and urban roads, industrial and mining centers, tourist attractions and minor border posts are the secondary roads.
3. Tertiary Roads: Those roads which provide access to schools, health centers, dip tanks and other service facilities within a rural district council area or connect and provide access to secondary, primary and regional roads.
Total Road Network in Zimbabwe is 87,654 km which include the paved or unpaved, the urban, rural and state roads.
• State Highways 18,460 km
• Urban Roads 8,194 km
• Rural Roads 61,000 km
Road Names Road and Route numbers in Zimbabwe may differ depending on the route concerned.
Previously, national routes were denoted with the letter "A" followed by a number indicating the specific route. Today the "A" numbers are just Map Reference Numbers known by not much of the populace. (The term "national road" is frequently used to refer to a national route, but technically a "national road" is any road overseen by the ZINARA. A national road need not necessarily form part of a national route. )
Today primary roads on Zimbabwe are denoted with the letter "P" followed by a number indicating the specific route. Primary roads which are regional road corridors are denoted with the letter "R" followed by a number indicating the internal regional road corridor.
Unlike in South Africa where routes are clearly numbered and labeled as such, most roads in Zimbabwe are publicly known by their common names or destinations.
Zimbabwe “A” Highways (1975) SOURCES: [Automobile Association Map 1975]AARoadMapOfRhodesia1975 AA Road Map of Rhodesia1975 Archive of Rhodesia | AA Road Map of Rhodesia 1975 | Retrieved 23 April 2016
[Map 9.2 Road Transport Network of Zimbabwe.]African Development Bank Chapter 9: Road Transport Services and Infrastructure - African African Development Bank|Documents|Retrieved 23 April 2016
List NumberMap Section NumberTrunk Road NumberCommon name1A1R3Harare-Chirundu Highway2A2R4Harare-Nyamapanda Highway3A3R5Harare-Mutare Highway4A4R1Harare-Beitbridge Highway5A5R2Harare-Bulawayo Highway6A6R9Beitbridge-Gwanda Highway7A7R2Bulawayo Plumtree Highway8A8R9Victoria Falls Highway9A9P4 Mutare-Masvingo Highway10A10P5Ngundu-Tanganda Road11A11P1Harare-Mt Darwin Highway12A12-Mazowe=Centenary Highway13A13-Harare-Shamva Highway 14A14-Rusape-Juliusdale Highway15A15-Mutare-Nyanga Highway 16A16-Birchenough Bridge-Chipinga Highway17A17R7Gweru-Mvuma Highway18A18-Gweru-Shurugwi19P12 highwayP12Makuti-Kariba Highway
Primary Roads (Ordinary)
Source: [Map 9.2 Road Transport Network of Zimbabwe.]African Development Bank Chapter 9: Road Transport Services and Infrastructure - African African Development Bank|Documents|Retrieved 13 April 2016
RoadAliasCommon nameRemarks P1-Harare-Mt Darwin-Mukumbura RoadThe map is not clear on whether P1 is Mt Darwin-Mukumbura Road or Harare-Mukumbura Road via Mt Darwin.P2---P3Marondera-Murehwa Road Macheke-Juru RoadP4 A9Mutare-Masvingo RoadA9 is a combination of this P4 and P7 to form the Mutare-Mbalabala HighwayP5 A10Ngundu Tanganda RoadA10 runs from Ngundu via Triangle to A9 well past Tanganda.P6--- P7A9 Masvingo-Mbalabala RoadA9 is a combination of this P7 and P4 to the Mutare-Mbalabala Highway P8Luveve-Nkayi Road Kwekwe Nkayi Road Luveve is where P8 branches off from the P11 popularly called Kwekwe-Gokwe Highway P9- Nkayi-Lupane RoadP9 is a continuation of P8 to form the Kwekwe-Lupane Road.P10- Lupane loop roadP10 branches off from the A8 and runs parallel to it connecting Lupane Centre to the Bulawayo-Victoria Falls Highway P11 R847 HighwayKwekwe-Gokwe Highway This road eventually reaches Binga however not wholly pavedP12P12 highwayMakuti-Kariba HighwayP12 highway is an international road that crosses the Zambezi River over the Kariba DamP13- Chegutu-Chinhoyi HighwayThe P13 links the A1 and the A5 to short cut the Chirundu-Bulawayo route.P14 -Victoria Falls-Kazungula RoadThis is the shortest route from Zambia to Botswana
Regional Road Corridors Source: [Map 9.2 Road Transport Network of Zimbabwe.]African Development Bank Chapter 9: Road Transport Services and Infrastructure - African African Development Bank|Documents|Retrieved 13 April 2016
RoadAliasCommon nameRemarks R1A4Harare-Beitbridge HighwayR2A5 & A7Harare-Plumtree HighwayTwo roads forming 1 route R3A1Harare-Chirundu HighwayR4A2Harare-Nyamapanda Highway R5A3Harare-Mutare Highway R6-Chivhu-Nyazura HighwayR7A17Gweru-Mvura HighwayR8-Rutenga-Sango RoadUnpaved R9A6 & A8Victoria Falls-Beitbridge HighwayTwo roads forming 1 route
SADC Regional Trunk Road Network Zimbabwe being a member state of SADC, ZINARA works in conjunction with other regional road authorities and it does its part on regional road corridors passing through Zimbabwe.
Regional Trunk Roads Network in Zimbabwe in proportion of total regional trunk roads are as follows:
• Reference Roads: 1 600 km (Regional total 29 300 km)
• Intermediate Roads: 1 000 km (Regional total 11 600 km)
• Branch, Link and Connecting Roads: 1 100 km (Regional total 21 700 km)
• Total 3 700 km (Regional total 62 600 km)
• Regional Percentage: 6% (Regional total 100%)
So ZINARA does only 6% of regional trunk roads.
(Source: Revised RIDMP Draft -Annexure 5.6 – Roads.)|SADC Infrastructure Investment Conference 2013 | Table 2.1 Regional Trunk Roads Network Invest-tripatite.org|wp-content|Retrieved 15 April 2016
SADC Numbered Roads The regional organization, Southern African Development Community has its own numbered routes which usually are a combination of multiple roads across one or more member countries.
The Southern African Development Community Regional Trunk Road Network (SADC-RTRN) is a system of numbered road corridors in Southern Africa. The most important part of the network is the reference roads, which are major trans-regional routes.SADC Regional Trunk Road Network OpenStreetMap|Retrieved 12 April 2016Map North South Corridor (Africa) Reingex.com|Images|Retrieved 13 April 2016
Operations ZINARA’s core business, in consultations with the minister of transport, communication and infrastructural development is fixing road user charges and collect such charges or any other revenue of the road fund. What ZINARA does Zinara.co.zw|Index|Retrieved 12 April 2016Stephani. 102307 SADC RUC Final Report 22 June 2007 | |Implementation of Harmonized RUC System in the SADC Region |3.13 Zimbabwe Trademark.org|Files|Retrieved 12 April 2016
The Zimbabwe National Roads Administration (ZINARA)
• Fixes the levels of road user charges (RUC).
• Collects RUC as well as other revenue of the Road Fund.
• Sets maintenance, design, construction and technical standards.
• Monitors adherence to such standards by Road Authorities.
• Allocates and disburse to road authorities funds from the Road Fund in accordingly.
• Audits the use of funds from the Road Fund.
• Monitors implementation of road maintenance works by Road Authorities.
• Assists Road Authorities in making annual or multi-year road maintenance rolling plans.
Road Fund The Road Fund was established in terms of the Roads Act of 2001 with the objective to provide a stable, adequate, secure and sustainable source of funding for road maintenance work in Zimbabwe. The Road Fund comes from, Road user charges, Appropriations from Parliament and Grants. The fund is then used for routine and periodic road maintenance of roads and other roads related projects approved by the ZINARA Board.|Infrastructure and Growth In Zimbabwe An Action Plan for Sustained Strong Economic Growth | 9.3 Road Transport Services. Page209 African Development Bank|Southern Africa|Retrieved 13 April 2016
The main source of ZINARA funds are the vehicle licence fees (30%), fuel levy (28%), toll roads (21%) and transit fees (19%). Toll roads fees could be the main contributor now because the toll gates have risen from 23 as of 2011 to 36 as of December 2015 nationwide. Report on ARMFA.18 November 2011 |ARMFA_Focal_Group_REPORT |5.0 Country Reports and Discussions. 5.1 Zimbabwe. Roadfund.org|Documents|Retrieved 15 April 2016
International Transit Tolls International transit tolls are collected from foreign buses and heavy goods vehicles at border posts as they enter Zimbabwe. These cross-border charges are levied according to the distance each vehicle is to travel while inside Zimbabwe.