The 2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum took place in the United Kingdom and Gibraltar on 23 June 2016. Membership of the European Union had been a topic of political debate in the United Kingdom since the country joined the European Communities (then commonly referred to as the "Common Market" by the British people) in 1973. This referendum was conducted very differently from the European Communities membership referendum in 1975; a more localised and regionalised counting procedure was used, and the ballot was overseen by the Electoral Commission, a public body that did not exist at the time of the first vote. This article lists, by voting area for Great Britain and Gibraltar and by parliamentary constituency for Northern Ireland, all the results of the referendum, each ordered into national and regional sections.

Under the provisions of the European Union Referendum Act 2015, there were a total of 382 voting areas across twelve regions, using the same boundaries as used in European Parliamentary elections since 1999, under the provisions of the European Parliamentary Elections Act 2002, with votes counted at local authority level. In England the 326 local government districts were used as the voting areas; these consist of all unitary authorities, all metropolitan boroughs, all shire districts, the London boroughs, the City of London and the Isles of Scilly.European Referendum Act 2015 Section 11. The nine regions of England were then also used to count the votes at the regional level, with Gibraltar being regarded as part of South West England. Northern Ireland was a single voting area as well as being a regional count, although local totals by Westminster parliamentary constituency area were announced. In Scotland the 32 Scottish council areas were used as voting areas, and there was a single national count. In Wales the 22 Welsh council areas were used as the voting areas, and there was a single national count.

Verification and counting began as soon as the polls closed on 23 June from 22:00 BST onwards (making it the first UK-wide referendum to be counted overnight) and took nine hours and twenty minutes to complete. The early results showed at different times narrow leads for both Remain and Leave; however, Leave took the lead in the national vote count for the final time at 02:58 BST when Castle Point declared its result. The result of the referendum was forecast by the BBC just before 04:40 BST (around 6 hours 40 minutes after polls closed), with around 308 results declared at the time. The first result announced was Gibraltar, and the last was Cornwall.

On 24 June 2016, the recorded result was that the UK voted to leave the European Union by 51.89% for Leave to 48.11% for Remain, a margin of 3.78%. This corresponded to 17,410,742 votes to leave and 16,141,241 to remain, a margin of 1,269,501 votes.

United Kingdom

The final result of the referendum for the United Kingdom and Gibraltar was declared at Manchester Town Hall at 0720 BST on Friday 24 June 2016, after all the 382 voting areas and the twelve UK regions had declared their results, by the Chief Counting Officer (CCO) for the referendum, Jenny Watson. In a UK-wide referendum the position of CCO is held by the chair of the Electoral Commission. The following figures are as reported by the Electoral Commission.EU referendum results Electoral Commission

"Leave the European Union" secured a majority of 1,269,501 votes (3.78%) over those who had voted in favour of "Remain a member of the European Union". England (except Greater London) and Wales voted to "Leave", while Scotland and Northern Ireland voted to "Remain".

Results by United Kingdom regions

Region Electorate Turnoutof eligible voters Votes Proportion of votes Invalid votes Highest Remain vote Highest Leave vote Remain Leave Remain Leave   East Midlands 3,384,299 74.2% 1,033,0361,475,479 41.18%58.82% 1,981 Rushcliffe 57.6% Boston 75.6%   East of England 4,398,796 75.7% 1,448,6161,880,367 43.52%56.48% 2,329 Cambridge 73.8% Castle Point 72.7%   Greater London 5,424,768 69.7%2,263,519 1,513,23259.93% 40.07% 4,453 Lambeth 78.6% Havering 69.7%   North East England 1,934,341 69.3% 562,595778,103 41.96%58.04% 689 Newcastle upon Tyne 50.7% Hartlepool 69.6%   North West England 5,241,568 70.0% 1,699,0201,966,925 46.35%53.65% 2,682 Manchester 60.4% Blackpool 67.5%   Northern Ireland 1,260,955 62.7%440,707 349,44255.78% 44.22% 374 Foyle 78.3% North Antrim 62.2%   Scotland 3,987,112 67.2%1,661,191 1,018,32262.00% 38.00% 1,666 City of Edinburgh 74.4% Moray 49.9%   South East England 6,465,404 76.8% 2,391,7182,567,965 48.22%51.78% 3,427 Oxford 70.3% Gravesham 65.4%   4,138,134 76.7% 1,503,0191,669,711 47.37%52.63% 2,179 Gibraltar 95.9% Torbay 63.2%   Wales 2,270,272 71.7% 772,347854,572 47.47%52.53% 1,135 Cardiff 60.0% Blaenau Gwent 62.0%   West Midlands 4,116,572 72.0% 1,207,1751,755,687 40.74%59.26% 2,507 Warwick 58.8% Stoke-on-Trent 69.4%   Yorkshire and the Humber 3,877,780 70.7% 1,158,2981,580,937 42.29%57.71% 1,937 York 58.0% North East Lincolnshire 69.9%

Results by United Kingdom constituent countries and Gibraltar

Country Electorate Turnout of eligible voters Votes Proportion of votes Invalid votes Remain Leave Remain Leave   England 38,981,662 73.0% 13,247,67415,187,583 46.59%53.41% 22,157   Gibraltar 24,119 83.7%19,32282395.91%4.08% 27   1,260,955 62.3%440,707349,44255.78%44.22% 384   Scotland 3,987,112 67.2%1,661,1911,018,32262.00%38.00% 1,666   Wales 2,270,272 71.7% 772,347854,572 47.47%52.53% 1,135

Results from the 30 largest cities in the United Kingdom Out of over 33.5 million valid votes cast across the United Kingdom, over 8.8 million, or just over one quarter, were cast in thirty major cities that each gathered 100,000 votes or more. 16 of those cities voted to Leave, and 14 voted to Remain, or 53% Leave and 47% Remain.

In those 30 cities, votes to Remain outnumbered those to Leave by over 900,000 (about 4.9 million to 4 million or 55.2% to 44.8%), while in the other voting areas, the votes to Leave outnumbered those to Remain by nearly 2.2 million (about 13.5 million to 11.3 million, or 54.4% to 45.6%).

City Voting region(& Remain %) [b] Total votes Turn-out Votes Percent of votes [b] Remain Leave Margin [c] Remain Leave Greater London London (59.9%) 3,776,751 69.7%2,263,519 1,513,232 +750,28759.9% 40.1% Birmingham W. Midlands (40.7%) 450,702 63.7% 223,451 227,251 −3,800 49.6% 50.4%Leeds Yorks/Humber (42.3%) 387,337 71.3% 194,863 192,474 +2,389 50.3% 49.7% Sheffield Yorks/Humber (42.3%) 266,753 67.3% 130,735 136,018 −5,283 49.0% 51.0% Glasgow Scotland (62.0%) 252,809 56.2% 168,335 84,474 +83,861 66.6% 33.4% Edinburgh Scotland (62.0%) 252,294 72.9% 187,796 64,498 +123,298 74.4% 25.6% Bradford Yorks/Humber (42.3%) 228,488 66.7% 104,575 123,913 −19,338 45.8% 54.2% Bristol South West (47.4%) 228,445 73.1% 141,027 87,418 +53,609 61.7% 38.3% Liverpool North West (46.3%) 203,554 64.0% 118,453 85,101 +33,352 58.2% 41.8% Manchester North West (46.3%) 201,814 59.7% 121,823 79,991 +41,832 60.4% 39.6% Wakefield Yorks/Humber (42.3%) 175,042 71.1% 58,877 116,165 −57,288 33.6% 66.4%CardiffWales (47.5%) 169,60469.6% 101,788 67,816 +33,972 60.0% 40.0% greater Belfast N. Ireland (55.8%) 158,365 — 94,915 63,450 +31,465 59.9% 40.1% Coventry W. Midlands (40.7%)153,064 69.2% 67,967 85,097 −17,130 44.4% 55.6% Brighton & Hove South East (48.2%)146,675 74.0% 100,648 46,027 +54,621 68.6% 31.4% Leicester E. Midlands (41.2%) 138,972 65.0% 70,980 67,992 +2,988 51.1% 48.9% Sunderland North East (42.0%)134,324 64.8% 51,930 82,394 −30,464 38.7% 61.3% Plymouth South West (47.4%)133,455 71.4% 53,458 79,997 −26,539 40.1% 59.9% Newcastle upon Tyne North East (42.0%) 129,003 67.6% 65,405 63,598 +1,807 50.7% 49.3% Nottingham E. Midlands (41.2%) 120,661 61.8% 59,318 61,343 −2,025 49.2% 50.8% Derby E. Midlands (41.2%) 120,655 70.5% 51,612 69,043 −17,431 42.8% 57.2% Swansea Wales (47.5%) 120,243 69.5% 58,307 61,936 −3,629 48.5% 51.5% Wolverhampton W. Midlands (40.7%) 117,936 67.5% 44,138 73,798 −29,660 37.4% 62.6% Stoke-on-Trent W. Midlands (40.7%) 117,590 65.7% 36,027 81,563 −45,536 30.6% 69.4% Kingston upon Hull Yorks/Humber (42.3%) 113,355 62.9% 36,709 76,646 −39,937 32.4% 67.6% Salford North West (46.3%) 109,815 63.2% 47,430 62,385 −14,955 43.2% 56.8% York Yorks/Humber (42.3%) 109,600 70.6% 63,617 45,983 +17,634 58.0% 42.0% Southampton South East (48.2%) 107,665 68.1% 49,738 57,927 −8,189 46.2% 53.8% Aberdeen Scotland (62.0%) 104,714 67.9% 63,985 40,729 +23,256 61.1% 38.9%Portsmouth South East (48.2%) 98,720 70.3% 41,384 57,336 −15,952 41.9% 58.1%Total of 30 cities U.K. (48.1%) 8,828,405 — 4,872,810 3,955,595 +917,215 55.2% 44.8%Other voting areas U.K. (48.1%) 24,723,578 — 11,268,431 13,455,147 −2,186,716 45.6% 54.4%United Kingdom U.K. 33,551,983 72.2% 16,141,241 17,410,742 −1,269,501 48.1% 51.9% Notes: [a] Vote totals for Belfast are based on the returns from the four parliamentary constituencies in Belfast.    These include areas in districts outside the City of Belfast. [b] Lighter shades indicate a prevailing Remain or Leave vote of 52.0% or less; darker shades one of 58.0% or more.[c] Margins are (arbitrarily) positive (+) when they indicate the excess of Remain votes over Leave,    and negative (−) when they indicate the excess of Leave votes over Remain.

England The English local districts were used as the voting areas for the referendum in England; these consist of all unitary authorities, all metropolitan districts, all non-metropolitan districts, the London boroughs, the City of London and the Isles of Scilly.

Unlike the other constituent countries of the United Kingdom there was no centralised national count of the votes in England as counting was done within the nine separate regions. Figures from Gibraltar are included in the South West England region.

+ England (including Gibraltar) referendum results (without spoiled ballots):Leave:15,188,406 (53.4%) Remain: 13,266,996 (46.6%) ▲

England was broken down into 9 regional count areas using the same regional constituency boundaries as used in European Parliamentary elections.

East Midlands

+ East Midlands referendum results (without spoiled ballots):Leave:1,475,479 (58.9%) Remain: 1,033,036 (41.1%) ▲

The East Midlands region was broken down into 40 voting areas.