Historical demographics Altar of Domitius Ahenobarbus Articles Demographic history Historical demography Classical · Medieval World population estimates List of countries by population 1500 1600 1700
This is a list of countries by population in 1600. Estimate numbers are from the beginning of the year, and exact population figures are for countries that held a census on various dates in that year. The bulk of these numbers are sourced from Alexander V. Avakov's Two Thousand Years of Economic Statistics, Volume 1, pages 15 to 17, which cover population figures from the year 1600 divided into modern borders. Avakov, in turn, cites a variety of sources, mostly Angus Maddison. More specific numbers are given by other sources, and are noted as such in the citations.
Country/Territory Population estimate Percentage of World Population World 579,000,000 – Ming Dynasty60,000,000–150,000,000 Mughal Empire~56,000,000 27,000,000+ – 34,000,000+ Iberian Union and possessions 28,745,000+ Ottoman EmpireWilson, p. 7622,000,000 Wilson, p. 152 19,000,000 Kingdom of Morocco and possessions 13,060,860 Tokugawa Japan 12,000,000 Joseon 11,722,000 ~Wilson, p. 192: "By 1618 it covered 900,000 km^2, twice the size of France, and encompassed the area of not only modern Poland and Lithuania, but also Latvia, Belarus and the western half of the Ukraine. Even though it was thinly populated, it still mustered 11 million inhabitants, or around three times the number of Denmark and Sweden combined."~10,000,000Avakov, p. 15, gives a figure of 10.1 million for all of modern European Russia, including the steppe and Caucasian polities that were not yet under the Tsardom of Russia's control.Gorskaya, Natalia (1994). Историческая демография России эпохи феодализма: итоги и проблемы изучения (in Russian). Наука. ISBN 9785020097506. Page 93-96 gives a range of 7 to 10 million. 9,000,000Wilson, p. 788 7,800,000 Safavid Iran Under 5,000,000 to near 10,000,000 England and possessions5,600,000Lê dynasty (Đại Việt) 5,500,000 Taungoo dynasty (Burma) 3,500,000Ahom kingdom2,000,000-3,000,000"It is suggested that the actual population of the Ahom territories up to the Manas ranged from two to three millions over one-and-a-half century ending 1750." -Northern Yuan~2,760,0000.5%Malla2,750,000 Ayutthaya Kingdom (Siam) "Siam's population must have increased from c. 2,500,000 in 1600 to 4,000,000 in 1800." ~2,500,0002,104,000 Republic of VeniceGregory Hanlon, "Twilight of a Military Tradition", 1997, p. 122.2,000,000 Kingdom of Kongo2,000,0000.3% Jianzhou Jurchen Confederation. Page 30.<2,000,0000.3% Papal StatesPaolo Malanima, "The Economy of Renaissance Italy", Routledge: January 2024, p. 99.1,704,500 1,500,000 Cambodia1,419,000 SwedenThe combined population of Sweden (760,000), Finland (400,000), and Estonia (101,000). Avakov, p. 16.Wilson, p. 169: "Sweden and Finland had a combined population of 1.2 million in 1620, with a further 250,000 scattered in provinces along the southern Baltic (of which more shortly)." 1,361,000Wilson, p. 169: "7. The royal branch of the Oldenburgs governed around 1.18 million subjects by 1620, of whom two-thirds were in Denmark and the rest in Norway. There were another 185,000 in Holstein, while the Gottorps had 50,000 in their part of the principality, and twice that in Schleswig. Possession of the Faeroe Islands and Iceland added a few thousand more."1,180,000R. E. Tyson, "Population Patterns", in M. Lynch, ed., The Oxford Companion to Scottish History (New York, 2001), pp. 487–8.800,000650,000Kingdom of Lan Xang 319,000Malay Sultanates of Johor, Kedah, Pattani, and PerakAvakov, p. 17; population within the borders of all modern Malaysia (encompassing all these states' areas on the Malay peninsula plus a chunk of Borneo) is given as 191,000, while Singapore's is 3,000. <200,000 (together) Duchy of Urbino150,000James Dennistoun. "Memoirs of the Dukes of Urbino, Illustrating the Arms, Arts, and Literature of Italy, from 1440 to 1630, Volume 3." Harvard University Press: 1851. Pages 432–433.Kingdom of Mrauk U160,000+Republic of RagusaNenad Vekaric, "The Population of the Dubrovnik Republic in the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, and Seventeenth Centuries," Dubrovnik Annals 1998, Vol. 2, pp. 7–28 60,000Arab Emirates 35,000Nan Madol (Saudeleur dynasty)25,000Rapa Nui (Easter Island)West, Barbara A. (2008) Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Asia and Oceania . Infobase Publishing. p. 684. 15,000 The source used here calculates the said nations population by modern day borders, so the estimates are likely inaccurate.
See also List of countries by population List of countries by population in 1000 List of countries by population in 1500 List of countries by population in 1700 List of countries by population in 1800 List of countries by population in 1900
Notes
References
Kurt Witthauer. Bevölkerung der Erde (1958) Calendario atlante de Agostini, anno 99 (2003) The Columbia gazetteer of the world (1998) Britannica book of the year : world data (1997)