Klimov (masculine, ) or Klimova (feminine, ) is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Aleksandra Klimova (1921–2005), Russian/Soviet actress Alexei Klimov (born 1975), Russian sport shooter
Andrey Klimov (disambiguation) several people Dmitri Klimov (born 1983), Russian soccer coach and former player Ekaterina Klimova (born 1978), Russian actress Elem Klimov (1933–2003), Soviet–Russian filmmaker Fedor Klimov (born 1990), Russian pair skater Galina Klimova (born 1942), Russian rower Georgy Klimov (1928–1997), Russian linguist Igor Klimov (born 1989), Russian soccer player Ivan Klimov (1903–1991), Soviet military leader Leonid Klimov (born 1953), Ukrainian banker, parliamentarian, and politician Marina Klimova (born 1966), Russian ice dancer Marusya Klimova (born 1962), Russian writer Natalya Klimova (born 1951), Ukrainian basketball player Oksana Klimova (born 1992), Russian ice dancer Rita Klímová (1931–1993), Czech economist and politician Sergey Klimov (canoeist) (born 1935), Soviet sprint canoer Sergey Alexandrovich Klimov (born 1980), Russian racing cyclist Valery Klimov (violinist) (1931–2022), Soviet violinist Valeri Klimov (footballer) (born 1974), Russian soccer coach and former player Valeri Klimov (ice hockey) (born 1986), Russian ice hockey player Vladimir Klimov, Soviet sprint canoer Vladimir Yakovlevich Klimov (1892-1962), Soviet aero-engine designer Yevgeni Klimov (born 1985), Kazakh–Russian soccer player Yury Klimov (1940–2022), Soviet–Russian handball player