At least 37 species of amphibians are native to Taiwan. This list does not include the provisionally recorded Fejervarya kawamurai nor the introduced Rhinella marina and Andrias davidianus. Of these, 17 species are endemic to Taiwan. Salamander Echinotriton andersoni is considered extinct in Taiwan (but survives on the Ryukyu Islands of Japan). In addition, there are three introduced species: cane toad Rhinella marina, bullfrog Lithobates catesbeianus, and Chinese giant salamander Andrias davidianus. Thus, in total 40 amphibians have been recorded in Taiwan.
Anura (frogs and toads)
Family Bufonidae — true toads Bufo bankorensis (Barbour, 1908) — endemic Duttaphrynus melanostictus (Schneider, 1799) Rhinella marina (Linnaeus, 1758) — introduced Family Dicroglossidae — fork-tongued frogs Fejervarya cancrivora (Gravenhorst, 1829) Fejervarya limnocharis (Gravenhorst, 1829) Hoplobatrachus rugulosus (Wiegmann, 1834) Limnonectes fujianensis (Ye and Fei, 1994) Family Hylidae — (Ameroaustralian) treefrogs Hyla chinensis (Günther, 1858) Family Microhylidae — narrow-mouthed frogs/toads
Kaloula pulchra (Gray, 1831) Microhyla butleri (Boulenger, 1900) Microhyla fissipes (Boulenger, 1884) Microhyla heymonsi (Vogt, 1911) Micryletta steinegeri (Boulenger, 1909) — endemic Family Ranidae — true frogs
Nidirana adenopleura (Boulenger, 1909) Nidirana shyhhuangi (Lin, Chang, Matsui, Shen, Tominaga & Lin, 2025) Hylarana latouchii (Boulenger, 1899) Hylarana taipehensis (Van Denburgh, 1909) Lithobates catesbeianus (Shaw, 1802) — introduced Odorrana swinhoana (Boulenger, 1903) — endemic Pelophylax fukienensis (Pope, 1929) Rana longicrus (Stejneger, 1898) Rana sauteri (Boulenger, 1909) — endemic Sylvirana guentheri (Boulenger, 1882) Family Rhacophoridae — flying frogs or Afro-Asian treefrogs
Subfamily Buergeriinae Buergeria choui (Matsui [fr] and Tominaga, 2020) Buergeria otai (Wang, Hsiao, Lee, Tseng, Lin, Komaki, and Lin, 2017) — endemic Buergeria robusta (Boulenger, 1909) — endemic Subfamily Rhacophorinae Kurixalus berylliniris (Wu, Huang, Tsai, Li, Jhang, and Wu, 2016) — endemic Kurixalus eiffingeri (Boettger, 1895) Kurixalus idiootocus (Kuramoto and Wang, 1987) — endemic Kurixalus wangi (Wu, Huang, Tsai, Li, Jhang, and Wu, 2016) — endemic Polypedates braueri (Vogt, 1911) Polypedates megacephalus (Hallowell, 1861) — introduced Zhangixalus arvalis (Lue, Lai, and Chen, 1995) — endemic Zhangixalus aurantiventris (Lue, Lai, and Chen, 1994) — endemic Zhangixalus moltrechti (Boulenger, 1908) — endemic Zhangixalus prasinatus (Mou, Risch, and Lue, 1983) — endemic Zhangixalus taipeianus (Liang and Wang, 1978) — endemic
Family Eleutherodactylidae
Subfamily Eleutherodactylinae Eleutherodactylus planirostris (Cope, 1862) — introduced
Caudata (salamanders)
Family Cryptobranchidae — giant salamanders Andrias davidianus (Blanchard, 1871) — introduced (likely) Family Hynobiidae — Asian salamanders Hynobius arisanensis Maki, 1922 — endemic Hynobius formosanus Maki, 1922 — endemic Hynobius fucus Lai and Lue, 2008 — endemic Hynobius glacialis Lai and Lue, 2008 — endemic Hynobius sonani (Maki, 1922) — endemic Family Salamandridae — newts Echinotriton andersoni (Boulenger, 1892) — extinct in Taiwan
References