Duke Xian of Qi (), personal name Lü Shan, was from 859 BC to 851 BC the duke of the Qi state. Duke Xian was a younger son of Duke Gui.
Sima Qian records that during the reign of his older brother, Duke Hu, the capital of Qi was relocated from Yingqiu (Linzi) to Bogu. The move was resented by the people of Yingqiu, who rebelled under the leadership of Duke Xian, who then took the throne. Duke Xian is said to have killed Duke Hu during the attack. During his reign, Duke Xian expelled the sons of Duke Hu, and moved the capital back to Linzi. He reigned for 9 years and died in 851 BC. He was succeeded by his son, Duke Wu. Archaeological evidence from the Gaoqing Chenzhuang () site appears to support the claim.Li Xiulang. 李秀亮. 2018.《高青陈庄遗址与齐胡公史事》 [The Gaocheng Chenzhuang Site and the Historical Events of Duke Hu of Qi]. Doctoral dissertation. Published in 《中国社会科学报》[China Social Sciences Today]. Summary available at: http://www.qlwh.sdnu.edu.cn/info/1131/2891.htm
Family Sons: Duke Wu of Qi (d. 825 BC), ruled as Duke of Qi from 849–825 BC
Ancestry
References