This is an alphabetically ordered list of sub-titles, nicknames and non-numeric titles that have been applied to classical music compositions of types that are normally identified only by some combination of number, key and catalogue number. These types of compositions include: symphony, concerto, sonata, and standard chamber music combinations (strings trio, quartet, quintet, sextet, etc.; piano trio, quartet, quintet, sextet, etc.), among others.
A sub-title is a subsidiary name given to a work by the composer, and considered part of its formal title, such as: The Age of Anxiety, the sub-title of Bernstein's Symphony No. 2 Pathétique, the sub-title of Tchaikovsky's Symphony No. 6 in B minor, Op. 74.
A nickname is a name that is not part of the title given by the composer, but has come to be popularly associated with the work, such as: Emperor, the nickname of Beethoven's Piano Concerto No. 5 in E-flat major, Op. 73 Jupiter, the nickname of Mozart's Symphony No. 41 in C major, K. 551.
A non-numeric title is a formal title that departs from the usual sequential numbering of works of the same type, such as: Symphonie fantastique by Berlioz and Warsaw Concerto by Addinsell.
Background Many classical compositions belong to a numbered series of works of a similar type by the same composer. For example, Beethoven wrote 9 symphonies, 10 violin sonatas, 32 piano sonatas, 5 piano concertos, 16 string quartets, 7 piano trios and other works, all of which are numbered sequentially within their genres and generally referred to by their sequence numbers, keys and opus numbers. For example, the 6th of his violin sonatas is referred to as: Violin Sonata No. 6 in A major, Op. 30, No. 1.
However, some of these works were also given descriptive sub-titles by Beethoven himself: for example, he sub-titled the 3rd Symphony "Eroica", and the 6th Symphony "Pastoral".
Others were given nicknames by publishers or others: for example, the Piano Sonata No. 14 is called "Moonlight" and the Piano Trio No. 7 is known as the "Archduke".
In other cases, a composer gives a work a title without any number, even though he may have written other works of that type with numbers. For example, Tchaikovsky wrote 6 numbered symphonies, but he also wrote the unnumbered Manfred Symphony between the 4th and 5th symphonies. A listing of all Tchaikovsky's symphonies would be incomplete without mention of the Manfred Symphony.
Special cases Works such as Vaughan Williams's first three symphonies (A Sea Symphony, A London Symphony and A Pastoral Symphony) fit into more than one camp. These are true titles, as Vaughan Williams commenced the numbering of his symphonies only from his 4th Symphony. The first three symphonies were, however, retrospectively given numbers by cataloguers. Hence, A Sea Symphony, for example, is often referred to as his "Symphony No. 1", with the original title being relegated to a sub-title, although that was never Vaughan Williams's own intention or practice.
Other named works excluded There are vast numbers of other named compositions that do not qualify for this list. Symphonic poems, concert overtures, suites, variations, operas, ballets, most vocal and choral music, and miscellaneous other works are normally given titles that exclude numbers. Examples of such works would include: Thus Spoke Zarathustra, symphonic poem by Richard Strauss Tragic Overture by Brahms Schelomo, Hebraic rhapsody by Bloch The Planets, Suite by Holst Sea Pictures, song cycle by Elgar Messiah, oratorio by Handel La bohème, opera by Puccini Carnaval, a set of piano pieces by Schumann
List of sub-titles, nicknames and non-numeric titles
A A: Joseph Haydn, Symphony No. 107 in B-flat major, Hob. I/107 Adagio: Karl Amadeus Hartmann, Symphony No. 2 Krzysztof Penderecki, Symphony No. 4 Adélaïde: Marius Casadesus (attrib. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart), Violin Concerto in D L'Adieu: Frédéric Chopin, Waltz No. 9 in A flat major, Op. posth. 69/1 Adieu: the second of Karlheinz Stockhausen's three unnumbered wind quintets Aeolian Harp: Frédéric Chopin, Étude in A flat, Op. 25/1 Afro-American: William Grant Still, Symphony No. 1 Age of Anxiety: Leonard Bernstein, Symphony No. 2 Agiochook: Alan Hovhaness, Symphony No. 64, Op. 422 Air Russe: Franz Schubert, Moment musical No. 3 in F minor, D. 780/3 Albinoni's Adagio: Remo Giazotto, Adagio in G minor All Men are Brothers: Alan Hovhaness, Symphony No. 11, Op. 186 Alla Marcia: Boris Tishchenko, Concerto Alla Marcia for sixteen soloists Alla Veneziana: Arthur Butterworth, Trumpet Concerto, Op. 93 L'Allegro ed il Penseroso: Charles Villiers Stanford, Symphony No. 5, Op. 56 Alleluia: Joseph Haydn, Symphony No. 30 in C major, Hob. I/30 Alpine: Richard Strauss, Symphony No. 4 in A major American: American Quartet – Antonín Dvořák, String Quartet No. 12 in F major, Op. 96 American Quintet – Antonín Dvořák, String Quintet No. 3 in E-flat major, Op. 97 American Suite - Antonín Dvořák, Suite in A major, Op. 98b American Symphony, An - Don Gillis, Symphony No. 1 Angel of Light: Einojuhani Rautavaara, Symphony No. 7 Ani: Alan Hovhaness, Symphony No. 23, Op. 249 Antar: Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, Symphony No. 2 (later renamed symphonic suite) Antarctic Symphony: Peter Maxwell Davies, Symphony No. 8: Antarctic Symphony Antartica: Ralph Vaughan Williams, Symphony No. 7 Sinfonia Antartica Antígona: Carlos Chávez, Symphony No. 1 Sinfonía de Antígona Antique: Friedrich Witt attrib., Symphonie antique Charles-Marie Widor, Symphonie Antique, Op. 83 Antretter: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Serenade No. 3 in D major, K. 185 Apocalyptic: Anton Bruckner, Symphony No. 8 in C minor Appalachian Mountains, To the: Alan Hovhaness, Symphony No. 60, Op. 396 Appassionata: Ludwig van Beethoven, Piano Sonata No. 23 in F minor, Op. 57 Apponyi: Joseph Haydn, String Quartets, Opp. 71, 74 Aquerò: Malcolm Williamson, Symphony No. 5 Arabescata: Einojuhani Rautavaara, Symphony No. 4 Ararat: Alan Hovhaness, Symphony No. 14, Op. 194 Archduke: Ludwig van Beethoven, Piano Trio No. 7 in B-flat major, Op. 97 Ardent Song: Alan Hovhaness, Symphony No. 13, Op. 190 Arjuna: Alan Hovhaness, Symphony No. 8, Op. 179 Arthurus Rex: William T. Blows, Symphony No. 10 Artstakh: Alan Hovhaness, Symphony No. 65, Op. 427 Ascension (Ascenção): Heitor Villa-Lobos, Symphony No. 2 Atlantis: Jānis Ivanovs, Symphony No. 4 Autumn (Efterår): Peter Lange-Müller, Symphony No. 1 in D minor, Op. 17 L'autunno: Antonio Vivaldi, from Le quattro stagioni, Violin Concerto RV 293, Op. 8 L'estro armonico third concerto (from The Four Seasons: The Autumn) Aviation: Nikolai Myaskovsky, Symphony No. 16 in F Major Op. 39
B B: Joseph Haydn, Symphony No. 108 in B-flat major, Hob. I/108 Babi Yar: Dmitri Shostakovich, Symphony No. 13 in B-flat minor, Op. 113 Battle (and variants): Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Contredanse in C, K. 535, La Bataille Ludwig van Beethoven, Battle Symphony Bear: Joseph Haydn, Symphony No. 82 in C major, Hob. I/82 Bee's Wedding: Felix Mendelssohn, Song without Words in C major, Op. 67/4 Beethoven's Tenth: Johannes Brahms, Symphony No. 1 in C minor, Op. 68 Bell: Sergei Rachmaninoff, Choral Symphony The Bells, Op. 35 Aram Khachaturian, Symphony No. 2, The Bell The Bells of Zlonice: Antonín Dvořák, Symphony No. 1 in C minor, Op. 3 Big Apple: Johan de Meij, Symphony No. 2 Bird Quartet: Joseph Haydn, String Quartet, Opus 33 No. 3 Black Key: Frédéric Chopin, Etude in G flat, Op. 10/5 Black Mass: Alexander Scriabin, Piano Sonata No. 9, Op. 68 Boreale: Vagn Holmboe, Symphony No. 8, Boreale, Sinfonia Borealis: Arthur Butterworth, Symphony No. 3, Op. 52, Sinfonia Borealis Boreas: David del Puerto, Symphony No. 1 Brasília: César Guerra-Peixe, Symphony No. 2, Brasilia Cláudio Santoro, Symphony No. 7, Sinfonia Brasilia Breve/Brevis: Havergal Brian, Symphony No. 22, Symphonia Brevis Vincent d'Indy, Symphony No. 3, Sinfonia Brevis de bello Gallico Gösta Nystroem, Symphony No. 1, Sinfonia Breve Broken Wings: Alan Hovhaness, Symphony No. 32, Op. 296 Butterfly: Frédéric Chopin, Etude in G flat, Op. 25/9
C Cambridge: Hubert Parry, Symphony No. 2 The Camp Meeting: Charles Ives, Symphony No. 3 Capricieuse: Franz Berwald, Symphony No. 2 Cat's Fugue: Domenico Scarlatti, Keyboard Sonata in G minor, Kk. 30 St Cecilia: George Frideric Handel, Concerto Grosso in D major, HWV 323, St Cecilia's Concerto Celestial Gate: Alan Hovhaness, Symphony No. 6, Op. 173 Cévenole: Vincent d'Indy, Symphonie Cévenole ("Cévennes Symphony"), Symphonie sur un chant montagnard français ("Symphony on a French Mountain Air") La chasse: Joseph Haydn, Symphony No. 73 in D major, Hob. I/73 Children in the Streets: Thomas Koppel, Symphony for Children in the Streets (Symfoni for gadens børn) Children's Games: Peter Maxwell Davies, Naxos String Quartet No. 4 Choral: Ludwig van Beethoven, Symphony No. 9 in D minor, Op. 125 Philip Glass, Symphony No. 5 Alan Hovhaness, Symphony No. 12, Op. 188 Chord: Frédéric Chopin, Prelude No. 20 in C minor, Op. 28/20 Christmas: Alan Hovhaness, Symphony No. 49, Op. 356 Krzysztof Penderecki, Symphony No. 2 Circe: Alan Hovhaness, Symphony No. 18, Op. 204a City of Light: Alan Hovhaness, Symphony No. 22, Op. 236 Classical: Sergei Prokofiev, Symphony No. 1 in D major, Op. 25 Clock: Joseph Haydn, Symphony No. 101 in D major, Hob. I/101 Cold Mountain: Alan Hovhaness, Symphony No. 57, Op. 381 Colloredo: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Serenade No. 4 in D major, K. 203 Colour: Arthur Bliss, A Colour Symphony Comica: Felix Draeseke, Symphony No. 4 in E minor Symphonia Comica, WoO 38 Concerto funebre: Karl Amadeus Hartmann, Concerto for violin and string orchestra Concerto without Orchestra: Robert Schumann, Piano Sonata No. 3 in F minor, Op. 14 Concord: Charles Ives, Piano Sonata No. 2 Connecticut: Henry Kimball Hadley, Symphony No. 5 in C minor, Op. 140 Copernican: Henryk Górecki, Symphony No. 2, Op. 31 Coronation: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Piano Concerto No. 26 in D major, K. 537 Creation: William Wallace, Creation Symphony The Cuckoo and the Nightingale: George Frideric Handel, Organ Concerto in F, HWV 295
D Dance: Don Gillis, Symphony No. 8, A Dance Symphony Dante: Franz Liszt, Symphony No. 2 in D minor (full name: A symphony to Dante's "Divina Commedia") Death and the Maiden: Franz Schubert, String Quartet No. 14 in D minor, D. 810 Defiance: Leoš Janáček, Capriccio for piano left-hand and chamber ensemble Deidre: Rutland Boughton, Symphony No. 2 (1926-7) Deliciae basiliensis: Arthur Honegger, Symphony No. 4 Deutsche: Hanns Eisler, Deutsche Sinfonie Deux mondes: Pierre Kaelin, Symphonie des deux mondes (Symphony of the Two Worlds) Devil's Trill: Giuseppe Tartini, Violin Sonata in G minor Di tre re: Arthur Honegger, Symphony No. 5 Dissonance: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, String Quartet No. 19 in C major, K. 465 Il distratto: Joseph Haydn, Symphony No. 60 in C major, Hob. I/60 The Divine Poem: Alexander Scriabin, Symphony No. 3 in C minor, Op. 43 Dollar: Kurt Atterberg, Symphony No. 6 Domestica: Richard Strauss, Symphony No. 3 in D minor Donnerwetter: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Contredanse in D, K. 534 Dramatic: Anton Rubinstein, Symphony No. 4 in D minor, Op. 95 Drum: Frédéric Chopin, Polonaise in A-flat major, Op. 53 Drumroll: Joseph Haydn, Symphony No. 103 in E-flat major, Hob. I/103 Duetto: Felix Mendelssohn, Song without Words in A-flat major, Op. 38/6 Dumky: Antonín Dvořák, Piano Trio No. 4 in E minor, Op. 90
E Earthquake: Anatol Vieru: Symphony No. 3 Echo: Joseph Haydn, Symphony No. 38 Efterår (Autumn): Peter Lange-Müller, Symphony No. 1 in D minor, Op. 17 Egyptian: Camille Saint-Saëns, Piano Concerto No. 5 in F major, Op. 103 Eine kleine Nachtmusik: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Serenade No. 13 in G major, K. 525, Eine kleine Nachtmusik (A Little Night Music) Elegiac: Charles Villiers Stanford, Symphony No. 2 in D minor