The Legislature V of Italy () was the 5th legislature of the Italian Republic, and lasted from 5 June 1968 until 24 May 1972. Its composition was the one resulting from the general election of 19 May 1968.

It was the first republican legislature to be dismissed before its term's natural expiration.

Main chronology The period of the late 1960s–1970s came to be known as the Opposti Estremismi, (from left-wing and right-wing extremists riots), later renamed anni di piombo ("years of lead") because of a wave of political terrorist attacks.

After another short Leone's government, on 12 December 1968 Mariano Rumor sworn is as prime minister for the first time, leading a government composed by DC, PSU and PRI.Governo Rumor I

Between 1968 and 1970 a notable number of progressive reforms were carried out. On 11 December 1969 a new law extended access to higher education to all students holding a higher secondary school diploma. It was formerly limited to students who came from classical, and in some cases, scientific, curricula. Another bill, approved on 30 April 1969, introduced broad provisions covering pensions under the general scheme. The multiplying coefficient was increased to 1.85%, applied to average earnings of the best 3 years in the last 5 years of work (maximum pension, after 40 years of contribution: 74% of previous earnings). A social pension was also introduced for people over the age of 65 with low incomes and not eligible for any type of pension. In addition, cost of living indexation for all pensions (with the exception of social pensions) was introduced.La DC ricorda Mariano Rumor, Imola Oggi

Rumor led three different governments. The second one, from August 1969 to February 1970, was a DC-only government; its collapse led to a 45-day long period without government. After this period, which included an attempt by former Prime Minister Amintore Fanfani to form a government, Rumor led a new coalition with PSI, PRI and PSDI from March until July 1970.

After another centre-left government led by Emilio Colombo, in February 1972 Giulio Andreotti was asked to form a new government which didn't obtained the confidence of the Parliament. On 28 February 1972 President Giovanni Leone dismissed the Parliament and called the first snap election in the history of the Italian Republic.

Presidential election On 9 December 1971 the Parliament and the representatives of the 20 Italian regions met to elect the fifth President of Italy. On 24 December 1971 the Christian democrat Giovanni Leone was elected on the twenty-third ballot with 518 votes out of 1008.

Government Prime MinisterParty Term of office GovernmentComposition Took office Left office Giovanni Leone Christian Democracy 24 June 1968 12 December 1968Leone IIDCMariano RumorChristian Democracy 12 December 1968 5 August 1969Rumor IDC PSU PRI 5 August 1969 27 March 1970Rumor IIDC 27 March 1970 6 August 1970Rumor IIIDC PSI PSDI PRI Emilio Colombo Christian Democracy 6 August 1970 17 February 1972ColomboDC PSI PSDI PRI Giulio Andreotti Christian Democracy 17 February 1972 26 June 1972Andreotti IDC

Parliamentary composition Chamber of Deputies

President: Sandro Pertini (PSI), elected on 5 June 1968 Vice Presidents: Guido Gonella (DC, until 24 June 1968), Benigno Zaccagnini (DC), Lucio Mario Luzzatto (PSIUP), Arrigo Boldrini (PCI), Roberto Lucifredi (DC, from 24 July 1968)

+Initial composition(5 June 1968)Final composition(24 May 1972)Parliamentary groupSeatsParliamentary groupSeatsChange Christian Democracy 266 Christian Democracy 263 3 Italian Communist Party 177 Italian Communist Party 166 11 Unified Socialist Party 91 Italian Socialist Party 62 Italian Democratic Socialist Party 29 Italian Liberal Party 31 Italian Liberal Party 30 1 Italian Social Movement 24 Italian Social Movement 25 1 Italian Socialist Party of Proletarian Unity 23 Italian Socialist Party of Proletarian Unity 22 1 Italian Republican Party 9 Italian Republican Party 9 Italian Democratic Party of Monarchist Unity 6 Italian Democratic Party of Monarchist Unity 5 1 Mixed 3 Mixed 19 16 Südtiroler Volkspartei3 Südtiroler Volkspartei3 Independent–Non inscrits16 16Total seats 630Total seats 630

Senate of the Republic

President: Amintore Fanfani (DC), elected on 5 June 1968 Vice Presidents: Giuseppe Spataro (DC), Domenico Macaggi (PSI, till 9 March 1969), Pietro Secchia (PCI), Pietro Caleffi (PSI, from 13 May 1970), Italo Viglianesi (PSI, from 26 March 1970)

+Initial composition(5 June 1968)Final composition(24 May 1972)Parliamentary groupSeatsParliamentary groupSeatsChange Christian Democracy 135 Christian Democracy 137 2 Italian Communist Party 101 Italian Communist Party 102 1 Unified Socialist Party 46 Italian Socialist Party 40 Italian Democratic Socialist Party 6 Italian Liberal Party 16 Italian Liberal Party 16 Italian Social Movement 11 Italian Social Movement 13 1 Mixed 6 Mixed 2 4 Italian Democratic Party of Monarchist Unity2 Italian Democratic Party of Monarchist Unity0 2 Italian Republican Party2 Italian Republican Party0 2 Südtiroler Volkspartei2 Südtiroler Volkspartei2 Total seats 315Total seats 315

Senators for Life

Senator Motivation Appointed by From TillGiovanni GronchiFormer President of Italy ex officioCesare MerzagoraMerits in the social fieldPresident Antonio SegniFerruccio ParriMerits in the social fieldPresident Antonio SegniMeuccio RuiniMerits in the social and scientific fieldPresident Antonio Segni6 March 1970 (deceased)Antonio SegniFormer President of Italy ex officioEugenio MontaleMerits in the literary fieldPresident Giuseppe SaragatGiovanni LeoneMerits in the social fieldPresident Giuseppe Saragat29 December 1971 (elected President of Italy)Pietro NenniMerits in the social fieldPresident Giuseppe Saragat25 November 1970Giuseppe SaragatFormer President of Italy ex officio29 December 1971Amintore FanfaniMerits in the social fieldPresident Giovanni Leone10 March 1972

Gallery

References