Some countries can be considered to have multiple capitals. In some cases, one city is the capital for some purposes, and one or more others are capital for other purposes, without any being considered an official capital in preference to the others. There are also cases where there is a single legally defined capital, but one or more other cities operate as the seat of government of some or all parts of the national government; in these situations, sources may disagree on whether these other cities are considered additional capital cities.
More than one capital at present Color legend:
Country Capital Details Pago Pago Official capital and home to the territorial government.Swaney, Deanna (1994). Samoa: Western & American Samoa: a Lonely Planet Travel Survival Kit. Lonely Planet Publications. . Fagatogo Seat of government, where the legislature, High Court and District Court are located.Revised Constitution of American Samoa, American Samoa Bar Association. 3.0207 Divisions and sessions—Composition , Code Annotated, American Samoa Bar Association.3.0303 Sessions-Petit jury , Code Annotated, American Samoa Bar Association.American Samoa Observatory, Trip to Tula , National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Utulei Legislative capital and home to the executive office building of the country.American Samoa Representative and Liaison Offices , U.S. Department of the Interior.Tutuila Island Map , National Park Service. Porto-Novo Official capital. Cotonou Seat of government; de facto administrative capital. Bolivia Sucre Constitutional capital. La Paz Seat of government; de facto executive and legislative capital. Gitega Official political capital. Bujumbura Economic capital and seat of government. Mbabane Administrative capital. Lobamba Legislative capital and royal residence. Tegucigalpa Joint constitutional capital. Comayagüela Ivory Coast Yamoussoukro Official capital. Abidjan De facto administrative capital. Kuala Lumpur Constitutional and legislative capital; royal seat. Putrajaya De facto administrative and judicial capital. Plymouth De jure capital. Abandoned in 1997, following a volcanic eruption. A new capital, Little Bay, is currently under construction. Brades De facto capital. Amsterdam Capital per constitution. The Hague Seat of government. Jerusalem Proclaimed capital of the country, but with limited recognition. The Palestinian Declaration of Independence proclaims the "establishment of the State of Palestine on our Palestinian territory with its capital Jerusalem (Al-Quds Ash-Sharif)". Israel exercises de facto control over Jerusalem, but neither state's claims to Jerusalem are widely recognized by the international community. Ramallah De facto capital of the country. It is also the administrative capital where government institutions and foreign representative offices are located. Manila De jure capital of the country. Metro Manila De facto capital of the country. While Manila is designated as the country's capital, the seat of government is the National Capital Region, commonly known as "Metro Manila", of which the city of Manila is a part. Pretoria Administrative and executive capital. Cape Town Legislative capital. Bloemfontein Judicial capital. Seoul Official capital and the primary seat of the National Assembly. Sejong City De facto administrative capital; since the Sejong Government Complex was finished in 2014, some authorities have moved there from Seoul, making it their primary seat. Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte Legislative capital. Colombo Executive, judicial, and commercial capital. Western Sahara Laayoune De jure capital of the country due to it being de facto under Morocco's control. Rabouni, Tindouf De facto capital of the country, and also, one of its capitals-in-exile (along with Tifariti). Tifariti Provisional capital of the country, and also, one of its capitals-in-exile (along with Rabouni). Sanaa Official and constitutional capital. It is still considered the country's de jure capital due to it being under Houthi control since 2014. Aden Seat of the Presidential Leadership Council (the internationally recognized government of Yemen) and the country's de facto capital. It is currently claimed by this executive body as the country's provisional capital.
More than one capital in the past
These countries have had two cities that served as administrative capitals at the same time, for various reasons such as war, weather or partition. In some cases, the second capital is considered a temporary capital.
Country Year(s) Capitals Details 1858–1947 Kolkata (a.k.a. Calcutta) (1858–1911) Administrative capitalNew Delhi (1911–1947) Shimla (a.k.a. Simla) Summer capital1873–1918ViennaCisleithaniaBudapestKingdom of Hungary 1937–1945 Nanjing (a.k.a. Nanking) Capital of the Japanese-controlled puppet state Chongqing Provisional capital of the Kuomintang-ruled Republic of China 1945–1991 Nanjing Administrative, legislative, and judicial capital (claimed between the 1949 Retreat and the 1992 Consensus) Taipei Provisional capital of the Kuomintang-ruled Republic of China on Taiwan 1940–1944 Vichy De facto administrative capital Paris De jure constitutional capital, also capital for the German military administration1943–1944 Brindisi (1943–Feb 1944) De facto provisional capital Salerno (Feb–Jun 1944) Rome De jure capital until 1944 when it was liberated by the Allies 1943–1944 Salò De facto capital until 1944 when it became the primary capital Rome De jure capital until 1944 when it was liberated by the Allies 1948–1972 Seoul De jure capital, albeit briefly in 1950 Pyongyang Provisional seat of government 1947–1975 Vientiane Administrative capital Luang Prabang Royal capital 1951–1963 Tripoli One of two official capitals of the Kingdom of Libya, then Bayda became the capital of Libya from 1963 to 1969 Benghazi 1974–1994 Lilongwe Administrative and judiciary capital Zomba Legislative capital Netherlands-Indonesia Union1948–1956AmsterdamKingdom of the NetherlandsBataviaUnited States of Indonesia 1940 Oslo Official capital Hamar Temporarily one-day capital that seated the parliamentKongens nei - 9. april 1962–1971 Rawalpindi (1962–14 August 1967) Seat of the government Islamabad (14 August 1967–1971) Dhaka The constitutional "second capital" and de jure Legislative capital 1948–1976 Quezon City Official capital Manila De facto seat of government 1901–1976 Baguio Summer capital (still known as summer capital, outside of political use) 2003–2006 Belgrade Administrative and legislative capital Podgorica Judicial capital
See also List of national capitals - A list of national capitals. List of purpose-built national capitals
Notes
References
de:Hauptstadt#Staaten und subnationale Entitäten mit mehreren Hauptstädten