Koloneia (, a hellenization of the Latin Colonia) can refer to:
Koloneia on the Lykos in Pontus, a Byzantine military centre and metropolitan bishopric Koloneia (theme), a Byzantine province centered in and named after the above Koloneia in Cappadocia, a Byzantine aplekton and bishopric Koloneia, the Greek name of Kolonjë District in Albania
See also Kolonjë (placename) Kolonia, in the Federated States of Micronesia