Chaput is a surname of French origin. Notable people with the surname include:
Charles J. Chaput (born 1944), Roman Catholic archbishop emeritus of Philadelphia Henri Chaput (1857–1919), French surgeon Jean Chaput (1893–1918), French World War I flying ace Jean Marc Chaput (1910–1974), Canadian politician Marcel Chaput (1918–1991), Canadian politician Maria Chaput (born 1942), Canadian senator Michael Chaput (born 1992), Canadian hockey player Solange Chaput-Rolland (1919–2001), Canadian journalist, writer, and senator Stefan Chaput (born 1988), Canadian hockey player Eric Chaput (born 2000) Canadian International Trade Advisor