Demographics of Hispanic and Latino Americans

The demographics of Hispanic and Latino Americans depict a population that is the second-largest ethnic group in the United States, 62 million people or 18.7% of the national population.

The Latino population is much younger than the rest of the country, of no less than two dozen national origins and of every race, with a longer life expectancy than their fellow Americans, and geographically concentrated in the southwestern United States.

History Hispanic and Latino Americans (along with Asian Americans, most notably) have contributed to an important demographic change in the United States since the 1960s whereby minority groups now compose one-third of the population. Nearly one in six Americans was Hispanic or Latino as of 2009, a total of 48.4 million out of the estimated 307 million Americans. High rates of immigration and fertility have shaped the growth of the Hispanic and Latino population.

Population

Hispanic and Latino Population by state or territory (2000–2010) In 2011, Hispanics accounted for 16.7% of the national population, or around 52 million people.US Census Bureau: "Redistricting Data, First Look at Local 2010 Census Results" The Hispanic growth rate over the April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2007 period was 28.7%—about four times the rate of the nation's total population (at 7.2%). The growth rate from July 1, 2005 to July 1, 2006 alone was 3.4%—about three and a half times the rate of the nation's total population (at 1.0%). Based on the 2010 census, Hispanics are now the largest minority group in 191 out of 366 metropolitan areas in the US.USA Today: "Census: Hispanics surpass blacks in most U.S. metros" April 14, 2011 The projected Hispanic population of the United States for July 1, 2050 is 132.8 million people, or 30.2% of the nation's total projected population on that date.

Geographic distribution

As of 2000, the ten most populous places with Hispanic majorities were East Los Angeles (97% Hispanic), Laredo, Texas (94%), Brownsville, Texas (91%) Hialeah, Florida (90%), McAllen, Texas (80%), El Paso, Texas (77%), Santa Ana, California (76%), El Monte, California (72%) Oxnard, California (66%), Miami, Florida (66%).

The Hispanic population of Los Angeles County, California, numbering 4.7 million, is the largest of all counties in the nation, comprising 47 percent of the county's ten million residents.

Hispanic and Latino Population by state or territory (2000–2010) State/TerritoryPop 2000% pop 2000Pop 2010% pop 2010% growth 2000-2010 %pop 2012 Alabama75,8301.7%185,6023.9%+144.8%4.1% Alaska25,8524.1%39,2505.5%+51.8%6.1% Arizona1,295,61725.3%1,895,14929.6%+46.3%30.2% Arkansas86,8663.2%186,0506.4%+114.2%6.8% California10,966,55632.4%14,013,71937.6%+27.8%38.2% Colorado735,80117.1%1,038,68720.7%+41.2%21.0% Connecticut320,3239.4%479,08713.4%+49.6%14.2% Delaware37,2774.8%73,2218.2%+96.4%8.6% District of Columbia44,9537.9%54,7499.1%+21.8%9.9% Florida2,682,71516.8%4,223,80622.5%+57.4%23.2% Georgia435,2275.3%853,6898.8%+96.1%9.2% Hawaii87,6997.2%120,8428.9%+37.8%9.5% Idaho101,6907.9%175,90111.2%+73.0%11.6% Illinois1,530,26212.3%2,027,57815.8%+32.5%16.3% Indiana214,5363.5%389,7076.0%+81.7%6.3% Iowa82,4732.8%151,5445.0%+83.7%5.3% Kansas188,2527.0%300,04210.5%+59.4%11.0% Kentucky59,9391.5%132,8363.1%+121.6%3.2% Louisiana107,7382.4%192,5604.2%+78.7%4.5% Maine9,3600.7%16,9351.3%+80.9%1.4% Maryland227,9164.3%470,6328.2%+106.5%8.7% Massachusetts428,7296.8%627,6549.6%+46.4%10.1% Michigan323,8773.3%436,3584.4%+34.7%4.6% Minnesota143,3822.9%250,2584.7%+74.5%4.9% Mississippi39,5691.4%81,4812.7%+105.9%2.9% Missouri118,5922.1%212,4703.5%+79.2%3.7% Montana18,0812.0%28,5652.9%+58.0%3.1% Nebraska94,4255.5%167,4059.2%+77.3%9.7% Nevada393,97019.7%716,50126.5%+81.9%27.3% New Hampshire20,4891.7%36,7042.8%+79.1%3.0% New Jersey1,117,19113.3%1,555,14417.7%+39.2%18.5% New Mexico765,38642.1%953,40346.3%+24.6%47.0% New York2,867,58315.1%3,416,92217.6%+19.2%18.2% North Carolina378,9634.7%800,1208.4%+111.1%8.7% North Dakota7,7861.2%13,4672.0%+73.0%2.5% Ohio217,1231.9%354,6743.1%+63.4%3.3% Oklahoma179,3045.2%332,0078.9%+85.2%9.3% Oregon275,3148.0%450,06211.7%+63.5%12.2% Pennsylvania394,0883.2%719,6605.7%+82.6%6.1% Rhode Island90,8208.7%130,65512.4%+43.9%13.2% South Carolina95,0762.4%235,6825.1%+147.9%5.3% South Dakota10,9031.4%22,1192.7%+102.9%3.1% Tennessee123,8382.2%290,0594.6%+134.2%4.8% Texas6,669,66632.0%9,460,92137.6%+41.8%38.2% Utah201,5599.0%358,34013.0%+77.8%13.3% Vermont5,5040.9%9,2081.5%+67.3%1.6% Virginia329,5404.7%631,8257.9%+91.7%8.4% Washington441,5097.5%755,79011.2%+71.2%11.7% West Virginia12,2790.7%22,2681.2%+81.4%1.3% Wisconsin192,9213.6%336,0565.9%+74.2%6.2% Wyoming31,6696.4%50,2318.9%+58.6%9.5% American Samoa 1090.2% Guam2,124 1.4% Northern Mariana Islands 1170.2% Puerto Rico3,762,74698.8%3,688,45599.0%0.2%99.5% U.S. Virgin Islands15,19614.0%18,51417.4% United States of America 35,305,81812.5%50,497,10816.3%+43.0%16.9%

Hispanic and Latino populations of each state by region of origin

Over 60% of the Hispanic and Latino population in the United States is of Mexican ancestry. The influence of Mexican and Mexican-American culture is felt throughout the country, with the epicenter of this influence located in the southwestern United States, including Texas, Nevada, Arizona and Southern California.

The remaining 40% of Latinos in the United States hail from the Caribbean, Central America and South America. Caribbean Latinos are those with ancestry originating in the Caribbean islands of Puerto Rico, Cuba, and the Dominican Republic. Puerto Ricans are the second-largest Hispanic group in the U.S. after those of Mexican descent. There are large Puerto Rican and Dominican populations in the Northeastern states, including the urban centers of New York, New Jersey and Boston as well as large Cuban and Puerto Rican populations in Florida, including the influential Cuban-American enclave in Miami and a Puerto Rican community in Orlando that is the third largest in the world.

Central American Latinos come from El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Belize and Costa Rica. The largest numbers of Hispanics with Central American origins can be found in California, Texas, and the DC Metropolitan area. Due to its large agricultural industry, Florida has been a frequent destination for Guatemalan and Honduran migrant workers who often live and work alongside the state's large population of Mexicans.

Latinos from South America come from Colombia, Venezuela, Peru, Ecuador, Chile, Bolivia and Paraguay. Significant numbers of Colombians and people of Colombian ancestry live in Miami and throughout Florida, as do Peruvians, who also have enclaves in New Jersey and the DC Metropolitical Area. Other Hispanic and Latino groups come from Spain, and the descendants of the colonial Spanish in Florida, Louisiana, and the US southwest.

+Hispanic and Latino populations of each state by region of origin (2010 Census)State/TerritoryMexican% MexicanCaribbean% CaribbeanCentral American% Central AmericanSouth American% South Americanother Hispanic% other Alabama122,9112.6%17,1410.4%22,8000.5%5,9380.1%16,8120.4% Alaska21,6423.0%7,3381.0%2,5090.4%2,3450.3%5,4150.8% Arizona1,657,66825.9%48,5820.8%36,6420.6%21,8950.3%130,3622.0% Arkansas138,1944.7%6,6660.3%23,2160.8%3,0280.1%14,9460.5% California11,423,14630.7%290,0070.8%1,132,5203.0%293,8800.8%874,1662.3% Colorado757,18115.1%30,9920.6%29,3860.6%19,1170.4%202,0114.0% Connecticut50,6581.4%288,5558.2%35,0231.0%71,3552.0%33,4960.9% Delaware30,2833.4%26,0113.0%8,1120.9%3,8490.4%4,9660.6% District of Columbia8,5071.4%7,4261.3%23,3543.9%7,6391.3%7,8231.3% Florida629,7183.3%2,233,43912.0%432,6652.3%674,5423.6%253,4421.3% Georgia519,5025.4%111,9761.3%106,9871.1%57,7070.6%57,5170.6% Hawaii35,4152.6%46,2603.4%2,9620.2%3,5490.3%32,6562.4% Idaho148,9239.5%3,9200.3%3,4940.2%3,7070.2%15,8571.0% Illinois1,602,40312.5%211,2211.7%70,0000.5%67,8620.5%76,0920.6% Indiana295,3734.6%36,6860.7%22,0930.3%10,0320.2%25,5230.4% Iowa117,0903.8%6,5400.3%13,2890.4%3,7540.1%10,8710.4% Kansas247,2978.7%12,7340.5%15,2930.5%5,8450.2%18,8730.7% Kentucky82,1101.9%21,8420.6%11,4790.3%5,4050.1%12,0000.3% Louisiana78,6431.7%25,1710.6%51,7221.1%8,8710.2%28,1530.6% Maine5,1340.4%5,7700.5%1,7080.1%1,5150.1%2,8080.2% Maryland88,0041.5%67,8111.2%195,6923.4%61,4001.1%57,7251.0% Massachusetts38,3790.6%380,7236.0%96,9581.5%54,3980.8%57,1960.9% Michigan317,9033.2%52,2010.6%17,7850.2%13,2430.1%35,2260.4% Minnesota176,0073.3%15,7620.3%19,9080.4%18,0750.3%20,5060.4% Mississippi52,4591.8%8,6840.3%8,3430.3%2,8330.1%9,1620.3% Missouri147,2542.5%18,7180.3%17,7630.3%8,7310.1%20,0040.3% Montana20,0482.0%2,0070.2%7350.1%9970.1%4,7780.5% Nebraska128,0607.0%5,7520.3%17,2420.9%2,8240.2%13,5270.7% Nevada540,97820.0%44,5691.7%55,9372.1%19,0560.7%55,9612.1% New Hampshire7,8220.6%17,5381.4%2,7310.2%4,2660.3%4,3470.3% New Jersey217,7152.5%715,3768.1%176,6112.0%325,1793.7%120,2631.4% New Mexico590,89028.7%12,7540.6%6,6210.3%4,8410.2%338,29716.4% New York457,2882.4%1,816,1489.5%353,5891.8%513,4172.6%276,4801.4% North Carolina486,9605.1%105,1041.2%105,0661.1%46,3070.5%56,6830.6% North Dakota9,2231.4%1,3370.3%4520.1%5390.1%1,9160.3% Ohio172,0291.5%108,9411.0%22,7560.2%17,5710.2%33,3770.3% Oklahoma267,0167.1%15,7050.4%15,6410.4%7,1340.2%26,5110.7% Oregon369,8179.7%14,3420.4%18,1900.5%9,6480.3%38,0651.0% Pennsylvania129,5681.0%466,3603.6%35,4530.3%48,1260.6%60,1530.5% Rhode Island9,0900.9%71,6276.8%23,8172.3%14,0131.3%12,1081.2% South Carolina138,3583.0%35,4660.8%26,2900.6%17,8560.4%17,7120.4% South Dakota13,8391.7%1,8270.2%2,8910.4%6170.1%2,9450.4% Tennessee186,6152.9%30,9460.5%36,8560.6%11,0390.2%24,6030.4% Texas7,951,19331.6%190,4700.8%420,6831.7%133,8080.5%764,7673.0% Utah258,9059.4%10,3970.4%20,4420.7%26,0280.9%42,5681.5% Vermont2,5340.4%3,0530.5%6710.1%1,2040.2%1,7460.3% Virginia155,0671.9%99,6911.3%206,5682.6%101,4801.3%69,0190.9% Washington601,7688.9%34,4010.5%33,6610.5%20,7420.3%65,2181.0% West Virginia9,7040.5%4,8280.3%2,0810.1%1,7000.1%3,9550.2% Wisconsin244,2484.3%51,8050.9%10,6160.2%9,6750.2%19,7120.3% Wyoming37,7196.7%1,3460.3%9770.2%8520.2%9,3371.7% United States of America 31,798,25810.3%7,823,9662.6%3,998,2801.3%2,769,4340.9%4,087,6561.3%

Race The majority of Hispanic Americans identify as "some other race" at over 42%. Of all Americans who checked the box "Some Other Race" in the 2020 Census, 94% percent were Hispanic. The number of Hispanic Americans who identify as "Some Other Race" increased 41.7% from 2010 to 2020. The 2030 census will include new options for identifying race and ethnicity, including a "Hispanic or Latino" box to reduce the number of people who choose the “some other race” category. The next largest racial identification among Hispanic Americans is “two or more races” at 32%. Over half of the “two or more races” respondents in the 2020 census were Hispanics. The largest number of White Hispanics come from within the Mexican community, the highest percentage of White Hispanics among major Hispanic groups comes from the Cuban American community, also high percentages of White Hispanics from Hispanic groups come from within the Colombian and also Spanish communities. The largest number of Black Hispanics come from within the Puerto Rican community, while the highest percentage of Black Hispanics among major Hispanic groups come from the Dominican community. Significant numbers of Black Hispanics can also be found among the Central American communities.

The largest number of Asian Hispanics come from within the Mexican community, while the highest percentage of Asian Hispanics come from the Peruvian community. The largest population of Native American Hispanic come from within the Mexican community and the highest percentage of Native American Hispanics among major Hispanic groups come from within the Guatemalan community.