Melanson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
People Chester Melanson (born 1940), Canadian politician and member in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly Dean Melanson (born 1973), former National Hockey League defenceman Louis-Joseph-Arthur Melanson (1879–1941), Canadian priest and Archbishop Melanie Melanson (born 1974), a missing teenager from Woburn, Middlesex County, Massachusetts since 1989 Neil Melanson, American combat sports coach Olivier-Maximin Melanson (1854–1926), Acadian businessman Philip H. Melanson (1944–2006), American educator Roger Melanson, Canadian politician, member in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick Roland Melanson (born 1960), former National Hockey League goaltender and current goaltender coach Simeon Melanson (1873–1964), Canadian politician and member of the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick
Places Melanson, Nova Scotia, a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in Kings County Val-Melanson, New Brunswick, an unincorporated community in Restigouche County, New Brunswick, Canada
See also Melançon