A conclave was held from 21 to 22 January 1276 to elect the successor of Pope Gregory X, who succumbed to illness on the return from the Second Ecumenical Council of Lyon. During the two day conclave, the Dominican friar and cardinal Peter of Tarentaise, bishop of Ostia, was elected pope and took the name Innocent V.
It was the first conclave held under the rules of constitution Ubi periculum, issued by Pope Gregory X in 1274, which established papal conclaves. According to Ubi periculum cardinals were to be secluded in a closed area; they were not even accorded separate rooms. No cardinal was allowed to be attended by more than one servant unless ill. Food was to be supplied through a window; after three days of the meeting, the cardinals were to receive only one dish a day; after five days, they were to receive just bread and water. During the conclave, no cardinal was to receive any ecclesiastical revenue. These provisions were regularly disregarded, at the discretion of the cardinals, particularly the requirement of being incommunicado.
Although several times before papal elections were held in the circumstances similar to those described by Ubi periculum,For example, during Papal election, 1241 cardinals had been enclosed by Senator Matteo Rosso Orsini, who gradually reduced food supplies for them. for the first time such situation was formally required by a papal Constitution. For this reason, the conclave of January 1276 can be considered the first conclave in history in the strictly legal sense of this word.
List of participants
Pope Gregory X died on January 10, 1276, at Arezzo. At the time of his death there were probably 15 cardinals in the Sacred College, but only 13 of them participated in the subsequent conclave. Seven of them were created by Urban IV, four by Gregory X and one by Gregory IX:
Elector Cardinalatial title Elevated Appointed by Other ecclesiastical titles NotesPierre de Tarentaise, O.P. Bishop of Ostia e VelletriJune 3, 1273Gregory X Grand penitentiary Elected Pope Innocent VJoão Pedro JuliãoBishop of FrascatiJune 3, 1273Gregory X Future Pope John XXI Vicedominus de VicedominisBishop of PalestrinaJune 3, 1273Gregory X Nephew of Pope Gregory XBertrand de Saint-Martin, O.S.B.Bishop of SabinaJune 3, 1273Gregory X Simone PaltanieriPriest of SS. Silvestro e MartinoDecember 17, 1261Urban IV Protopriest Ancher PantaleonPriest of S. PrassedeMay 1262Urban IVGuillaume de BrayPriest of S. MarcoMay 1262Urban IVRiccardo AnnibaldiDeacon of S. Angelo in Pescheria1238Gregory IXProtodeacon; Archpriest of the patriarchal Vatican Basilica; Protector of the Order of Augustinians nephew of Pope Innocent IIIOttobono FieschiDeacon of S. AdrianoDecember, 1251Innocent IVArchpriest of the patriarchal Liberian Basilica future Pope Adrian VUberto CoconatiDeacon of S. EustachioDecember 17, 1261Urban IVGiacomo SavelliDeacon of S. Maria in CosmedinDecember 17, 1261Urban IVFuture Pope Honorius IVGoffredo da AlatriDeacon of S. Giorgio in VelabroDecember 17, 1261Urban IVMatteo Rosso OrsiniDeacon of S. Maria in PorticoMay 1262Urban IV Nephew of Pope Nicholas III
Absentee cardinals
Two cardinals were absent, including one created by Urban IV and one created by Innocent IV:
Elector Cardinalatial title Elevated Appointed by Other ecclesiastical titles NotesSimon Monpitie de BriePriest of S. CeciliaDecember 17, 1261Urban IVPapal Legate in the Kingdom of FranceFuture Pope Martin IVGiovanni Gaetano OrsiniDeacon of S. Nicola in Carcere TullianoMay 28, 1244Innocent IVInquisitor General; Protector of the Order of FranciscansFuture Pope Nicholas III
Conclave. Election of Pope Innocent V
On January 20, 10 days after the death of Gregory X, 15 cardinals assembled in the episcopal palace in Arezzo. In the first scrutiny on the following day they unanimously elected French Cardinal Pierre de Tarentaise, bishop of Ostia e Velletri, who took the name of Innocent V. He was the first Dominican pope.
Notes
External links
Vatican History: Konklave 1276 (Innozenz V) The Conclave of January, 1276 (Prof. J. P. Adams)