Córdoba is one of the 52 constituencies represented in the Congress of Deputies, the lower chamber of the Spanish parliament, the . The constituency (whose boundaries correspond to those of the homonymous province) currently elects six deputies. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and closed-list proportional voting, with a minimum threshold of three percent.

Electoral system The constituency was created as per the Political Reform Law and was first contested in the 1977 general election. The Law provided for the provinces of Spain to be established as multi-member districts in the Congress of Deputies,. with this regulation being maintained under the Spanish Constitution of 1978.. Additionally, the Constitution requires for any modification of the provincial limits to be approved under an organic law, needing an absolute majority in the Cortes Generales..

Voting is based on universal suffrage, comprising all Spanish nationals over 18 years of age with full political rights, provided that they have not been deprived of the right to vote by a final sentence.. The only exception was in 1977, when this was limited to nationals over 21 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political and civil rights.; . Amendments in 2011 required non-resident citizens to apply for voting, a system known as "begged" voting ().. which was abolished in 2022. Further, amendments in 2018 granted the right to vote to those legally incapacitated. The Congress of Deputies has a minimum of 300 and a maximum of 400 seats, with electoral provisions fixing its size at 350. Of these, 348 are elected in 50 multi-member constituencies corresponding to the provinces of Spain—each of which is assigned an initial minimum of two seats and the remaining 248 distributed in proportion to population—using the D'Hondt method and closed-list proportional voting, with a three percent-threshold of valid votes (including blank ballots) in each constituency. The remaining two seats are allocated to Ceuta and Melilla as single-member districts elected by plurality voting.; ; ; . The use of this electoral method may result in a higher effective threshold depending on district magnitude and vote distribution. The law does not provide for by-elections to fill vacant seats; instead, any vacancies arising after the proclamation of candidates and during the legislative term are filled by the next candidates on the party lists or, when required, by designated substitutes.; .

The electoral law allows for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, alliances and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form an alliance are required to inform the relevant electoral commission within 10 days of the election call—15 before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one permille of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1985—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list. Also since 2011, parties, federations or alliances that have not obtained a mandate in either chamber of the at the preceding election are required to secure the signature of at least 0.1 percent of electors in the aforementioned constituencies.; . Amendments in 2007 required a balanced composition of men and women in the electoral lists, so that candidates of either sex made up at least 40 percent of the total composition; further amendments in 2024 required the use of a zipper system..

Deputies Deputies 1977–present Legislature Election Distribution Constituent 1977 1 3 3 1st 1979 1 3 3 2nd 1982 5 2 3rd 1986 1 4 2 4th 1989 1 5 1 5th 1993 1 4 2 6th 1996 1 4 2 7th 2000 1 3 3 8th 2004 4 3 9th 2008 4 2 10th 2011 3 3 11th 2015 1 2 1 2 12th 2016 1 2 1 2 13th 2019 (Apr) 1 2 1 1 1 14th 2019 (Nov) 1 2 2 1 15th 2023 1 2 2 1

General elections 2023 + Summary of the 23 July 2023 Congress of Deputies election results in Córdoba Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 169,976 37.89 +15.39 2 ±0 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 144,080 32.12 –0.91 2 ±0 Vox (Vox) 62,526 13.94 –4.63 1 ±0 Unite Andalusia (Sumar)1 61,594 13.73 –0.85 1 ±0 Animalist Party with the Environment (PACMA)2 2,699 0.60 –0.29 0 ±0 Blank Seats to Leave Empty Seats (EB) 942 0.21 +0.04 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 746 0.17 +0.10 0 ±0 Workers' Front (FO) 701 0.16 New 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 598 0.13 +0.02 0 ±0 Zero Cuts (Recortes Cero) 392 0.09 –0.03 0 ±0 Blank ballots 4,348 0.97 –0.25 Total 448,602 6 ±0 Valid votes 448,602 98.47 +0.11 Invalid votes 6,962 1.53 –0.11 Votes cast / turnout 455,564 70.60 +0.92 Abstentions 189,724 29.40 –0.92 Registered voters 645,288 Sources

November 2019 + Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Córdoba Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 146,761 33.03 –1.38 2 ±0 People's Party (PP) 99,999 22.50 +3.67 2 +1 Vox (Vox) 82,534 18.57 +6.55 1 ±0 United We Can (Podemos–IULV–CA) 64,769 14.58 –0.29 1 ±0 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 36,229 8.15 –8.73 0 –1 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 3,946 0.89 –0.15 0 ±0 Spanish Communist Workers' Party (PCOE) 1,062 0.24 –0.02 0 ±0 Andalusia by Herself (AxSí) 1,019 0.23 New 0 ±0 Blank Seats (EB) 760 0.17 ±0.00 0 ±0 Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 549 0.12 –0.04 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Andalusian People (PCPA) 544 0.12 –0.05 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 478 0.11 +0.01 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 321 0.07 –0.02 0 ±0 Blank ballots 5,405 1.22 +0.22 Total 444,376 6 ±0 Valid votes 444,376 98.36 –0.17 Invalid votes 7,399 1.64 +0.17 Votes cast / turnout 451,775 69.68 –4.42 Abstentions 196,566 30.32 +4.42 Registered voters 648,341 Sources

April 2019 + Summary of the 28 April 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Córdoba Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 163,000 34.41 +3.24 2 ±0 People's Party (PP) 89,203 18.83 –15.58 1 –1 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 79,978 16.88 +4.52 1 ±0 United We Can (Podemos–IULV–CA–Equo) 70,427 14.87 –4.17 1 ±0 Vox (Vox) 56,919 12.02 +11.86 1 +1 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 4,946 1.04 +0.09 0 ±0 Spanish Communist Workers' Party (PCOE) 1,233 0.26 +0.12 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Andalusian People (PCPA) 816 0.17 +0.02 0 ±0 Blank Seats (EB) 788 0.17 +0.03 0 ±0 Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 756 0.16 +0.06 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 469 0.10 New 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 426 0.09 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 4,755 1.00 ±0.00 Total 473,716 6 ±0 Valid votes 473,716 98.53 –0.32 Invalid votes 7,057 1.47 +0.32 Votes cast / turnout 480,773 74.10 +4.68 Abstentions 168,017 25.90 –4.68 Registered voters 648,790 Sources

2016 + Summary of the 26 June 2016 Congress of Deputies election results in Córdoba Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 153,750 34.41 +4.02 2 ±0 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 139,281 31.17 –0.87 2 ±0 United We Can for Andalusia (Podemos–IU–Equo)1 85,058 19.04 –3.71 1 ±0 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 55,248 12.36 +0.43 1 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 4,234 0.95 +0.20 0 ±0 Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 743 0.17 –0.27 0 ±0 Vox (Vox) 708 0.16 New 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 663 0.15 –0.04 0 ±0 Spanish Communist Workers' Party (PCOE) 627 0.14 –0.05 0 ±0 Blank Seats (EB) 614 0.14 +0.01 0 ±0 We Are Andalusians Party, For Andalusia and the Peoples (AND) 606 0.14 New 0 ±0 Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 467 0.10 –0.03 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE de las JONS) 330 0.07 –0.04 0 ±0 Blank ballots 4,489 1.00 +0.04 Total 446,818 6 ±0 Valid votes 446,818 98.85 –0.08 Invalid votes 5,220 1.15 +0.08 Votes cast / turnout 452,038 69.42 –3.11 Abstentions 199,146 30.58 +3.11 Registered voters 651,184 Sources

2015 + Summary of the 20 December 2015 Congress of Deputies election results in Córdoba Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 149,851 32.04 –4.31 2 –1 People's Party (PP) 142,101 30.39 –14.22 2 –1 We Can (Podemos) 68,740 14.70 New 1 +1 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 55,812 11.93 New 1 +1 United Left/Greens–Assembly for Andalusia–Popular Unity (IULV–CA–UPeC) 37,650 8.05 –1.78 0 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 3,529 0.75 New 0 ±0 Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 2,069 0.44 –3.40 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 876 0.19 –0.02 0 ±0 Spanish Communist Workers' Party (PCOE) 813 0.17 New 0 ±0 Blank Seats (EB) 631 0.13 –0.25 0 ±0 Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 605 0.13 New 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE de las JONS) 494 0.11 ±0.00 0 ±0 Blank ballots 4,481 0.96 –0.42 Total 467,652 6 ±0 Valid votes 467,652 98.93 +0.03 Invalid votes 5,044 1.07 –0.03 Votes cast / turnout 472,696 72.53 –0.14 Abstentions 179,031 27.47 +0.14 Registered voters 651,727 Sources

2011 + Summary of the 20 November 2011 Congress of Deputies election results in Córdoba Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 209,067 44.61 +7.00 3 +1 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 170,367 36.35 –14.50 3 –1 United Left/The Greens–Assembly for Andalusia: Plural Left (IULV–CA) 46,066 9.83 +2.79 0 ±0 Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 17,998 3.84 +3.26 0 ±0 Andalusian Party (PA)1 10,453 2.23 +0.59 0 ±0 Equo (Equo) 3,782 0.81 New 0 ±0 Blank Seats (EB) 1,786 0.38 New 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 982 0.21 +0.12 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 701 0.15 –0.02 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE de las JONS) 502 0.11 +0.06 0 ±0 Internationalist Solidarity and Self-Management (SAIn) 241 0.05 –0.02 0 ±0 Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 188 0.04 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 6,490 1.38 +0.25 Total 468,623 6 ±0 Valid votes 468,623 98.90 –0.49 Invalid votes 5,224 1.10 +0.49 Votes cast / turnout 473,847 72.67 –3.14 Abstentions 178,239 27.33 +3.14 Registered voters 652,086 Sources

2008 + Summary of the 9 March 2008 Congress of Deputies election results in Córdoba Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 246,470 50.85 +0.99 4 ±0 People's Party (PP) 182,307 37.61 +3.87 2 –1 United Left/The Greens–Assembly for Andalusia–Alternative (IULV–CA) 34,131 7.04 –2.66 0 ±0 Andalusian Coalition (CA)1 7,972 1.64 –2.66 0 ±0 Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 2,797 0.58 New 0 ±0 The Greens (Verdes) 1,229 0.25 New 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 815 0.17 New 0 ±0 Anti-Bullfighting Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 591 0.12 New 0 ±0 Social Democratic Party (PSD) 517 0.11 New 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 418 0.09 +0.09 0 ±0 Spanish Alternative (AES) 371 0.08 New 0 ±0 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 356 0.07 New 0 ±0 Internationalist Solidarity and Self-Management (SAIn) 321 0.07 New 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE de las JONS) 259 0.05 +0.01 0 ±0 Family and Life Party (PFyV) 219 0.05 –0.03 0 ±0 Humanist Party (PH) 207 0.04 –0.04 0 ±0 National Democracy (DN) 194 0.04 ±0.00 0 ±0 National Alliance (AN) 77 0.02 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 5,460 1.13 –0.54 Total 484,711 6 –1 Valid votes 484,711 99.39 +0.01 Invalid votes 2,970 0.61 –0.01 Votes cast / turnout 487,681 75.81 –2.70 Abstentions 155,632 24.19 +2.70 Registered voters 643,313 Sources

2004