This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Bhutan. There are about 120 mammal species in Bhutan, of which one is critically endangered, ten are endangered, fourteen are vulnerable, and three are near threatened.This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available. A full and accurate list of mammals of Bhutan can be found in "A Field Guide to the Mammals of Bhutan."
The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature: EX Extinct No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. EW Extinct in the wild Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range. CR Critically endangered The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild. EN Endangered The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. VU Vulnerable The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. NT Near threatened The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future. LC Least concern There are no current identifiable risks to the species. DD Data deficient There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.
Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans. Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats) Subfamily: Bovinae Genus: Bos Gaur, B. gaurus Genus: Bubalus Wild water buffalo, B. arnee Subfamily: Caprinae Genus: Budorcas Takin, B. taxicolor Bhutan takin, B. t. whitei Genus Capricornis Mainland serow, C. sumatraensis Genus: Hemitragus Himalayan tahr, H. jemlahicus Genus: Nemorhaedus Himalayan goral, N. goral Genus: Ovis Argali, O. ammon presence uncertain Genus: Pseudois Bharal, P. nayaur Family: Moschidae Genus: Moschus Alpine musk deer, M. chrysogaster Black musk deer, M. fuscus Family: Cervidae (deer) Subfamily: Cervinae Genus: Axis Chital, A. axis Indian hog deer, A. porcinus Genus: Cervus Wapiti, C. canadensis Genus: Rucervus Barasingha, R. duvaucelii Genus Rusa Sambar deer, R. unicolor Subfamily: Muntiacinae Genus: Muntiacus Indian muntjac, M. muntjak Family: Suidae (pigs) Subfamily: Suinae Genus: Porcula Pygmy hog, P. salvanius presence uncertain Genus: Sus Wild boar, S. scrofa
Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which eat meat as their primary dietary item. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition. Suborder: Feliformia Family: Felidae (cats) Subfamily: Felinae Genus: Catopuma Asian golden cat, C. temminckii Genus: Felis Jungle cat, F. chaus Genus: Lynx Eurasian lynx, L. lynx Genus: Otocolobus Pallas's cat, O. manul Genus: Pardofelis Marbled cat, P. marmorata Genus: Prionailurus Leopard cat, P. bengalensis Subfamily: Pantherinae Genus: Neofelis Clouded leopard, N. nebulosa Genus: Panthera Leopard, P. pardus Asiatic leopard Indian leopard P. p. fusca Tiger, P. tigris Bengal tiger, P. t. tigris Snow leopard, P. uncia Family: Viverridae Subfamily: Paradoxurinae Genus: Arctictis Binturong, A. binturong Genus: Paguma Masked palm civet, P. larvata Genus: Paradoxurus Asian palm civet, P. hermaphroditus Subfamily: Prionodontinae Genus: Prionodon Spotted linsang, P. pardicolor Subfamily: Viverrinae Genus: Viverra Large Indian civet, V. zibetha Genus: Viverricula Small Indian civet, V. indica Family: Herpestidae (mongooses) Genus: Urva Indian grey mongoose, U. edwardsii Small Indian mongoose, U. auropunctata Crab-eating mongoose, U. urva Suborder: Caniformia Family: Ailuridae (lesser panda) Genus: Ailurus Red panda, A. fulgens Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes) Genus: Canis Golden jackal, C. aureus Indian jackal, C. a. indicus Gray wolf, C. lupus Himalayan wolf, C. l. chanco Genus: Cuon Dhole, C. alpinus Genus: Vulpes Bengal fox, V. bengalensis Red fox, V. vulpes Family: Ursidae (bears) Genus: Melursus Sloth bear, M. ursinus Genus: Ursus Brown bear, U. arctos possibly extirpated Himalayan brown bear, U. a. isabellinus possibly extirpated Asiatic black bear, U. thibetanus Himalayan black bear, U. t. laniger Family: Mustelidae (mustelids) Genus: Aonyx Asian small-clawed otter, A. cinereus Genus: Arctonyx Northern hog badger, A. albogularis presence uncertain Genus: Lutra Eurasian otter, L. lutra Genus: Lutrogale Smooth-coated otter, L. perspicillata Genus: Martes Yellow-throated marten, M. flavigula Beech marten, M. foina Genus: Mustela Mountain weasel, M. altaica Yellow-bellied weasel, M. kathiah Siberian weasel, M. sibirica Back-striped weasel, M. strigidorsa
Order: Cetacea (whales) The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins, and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater. Suborder: Odontoceti Superfamily: Platanistoidea Family: Platanistidae Genus: Platanista Ganges river dolphin, P. gangetica presence uncertain
Order: Chiroptera (bats) The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals. Family: Pteropodidae (flying foxes, Old World fruit bats) Subfamily: Pteropodinae Genus: Cynopterus Greater short-nosed fruit bat, C. sphinx Genus: Sphaerias Blanford's fruit bat, S. blanfordi Genus: Pteropus Indian flying fox, P. giganteus Family: Vespertilionidae Subfamily: Myotinae Genus: Myotis Lesser mouse-eared bat, M. blythii Whiskered myotis, M. muricola Himalayan whiskered bat, M. siligorensis Subfamily: Vespertilioninae Genus: Hesperoptenus Tickell's bat, Hesperoptenus tickelli Genus: Pipistrellus Indian pipistrelle, Pipistrellus coromandra Genus: Scotozous Dormer's bat, S. dormeri Subfamily: Murininae Genus: Murina Round-eared tube-nosed bat, Murina cyclotis Subfamily: Miniopterinae Genus: Miniopterus Small bent-winged bat, Miniopterus pusillus Family: Molossidae Genus: Chaerephon Wrinkle-lipped free-tailed bat, Chaerephon plicata Family: Rhinolophidae Subfamily: Rhinolophinae Genus: Rhinolophus Intermediate horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus affinis Pearson's horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus pearsoni
Order: Lagomorpha The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century; they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two. Family: Leporidae (hares and rabbits) Genus: Caprolagus Hispid hare, C. hispidus Genus: Lepus Indian hare, L. nigricollis presence uncertain Woolly hare, L. oiostolus Family: Ochotonidae (pikas) Genus: Ochotona Plateau pika, O. curzoniae Forrest's pika, O. forresti Glover's pika, O. gloveri Large-eared pika, O. macrotis Nubra pika, O. nubrica Royle's pika, O. roylei Moupin pika, O. thibetana
Order: Pholidota (pangolins) Scaly anteaters, or pangolins, are armored with large, overlapping scales made of matted hair. There are approximately seven species of pangolin, of which two occur in Bhutan. Pangolins lack teeth, and eat only ants and termites with the assistance of a long sticky tongue.
Family: Manidae (pangolins) Genus: Manis Indian pangolin, M. crassicaudata Chinese pangolin, M. pentadactyla
Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)
The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe. Family: Rhinocerotidae Genus: Rhinoceros Indian rhinoceros, R. unicornis
Order: Primates
The order Primates contains humans and their closest relatives: lemurs, lorisoids, monkeys, and apes. Suborder: Strepsirrhini Infraorder: Lemuriformes Superfamily: Lorisoidea Family: Loridae Genus: Nycticebus Bengal slow loris, N. bengalensis Suborder: Haplorhini Infraorder: Simiiformes Parvorder: Catarrhini Superfamily: Cercopithecoidea Family: Cercopithecidae (Old World monkeys) Genus: Macaca Assam macaque, M. assamensis Rhesus macaque, M. mulatta Subfamily: Colobinae Genus: Semnopithecus Nepal gray langur, S. schistaceus Genus: Trachypithecus Gee's golden langur, T. geei Capped langur, T. pileatus
Order: Proboscidea (elephants)
The elephants comprise three living species and are the largest living land animals.
Family: Elephantidae (elephants) Genus: Elephas Asian elephant, E. maximus
Order: Rodentia (rodents) Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to . Suborder: Sciurognathi Family: Sciuridae (squirrels) Subfamily: Ratufinae Genus: Ratufa Black giant squirrel, Ratufa bicolor Subfamily: Sciurinae Tribe: Pteromyini Genus: Belomys Hairy-footed flying squirrel, Belomys pearsonii Genus: Hylopetes Particolored flying squirrel, Hylopetes alboniger EN Genus: Petaurista Bhutan giant flying squirrel, Petaurista nobilis Subfamily: Callosciurinae Genus: Callosciurus Irrawaddy squirrel, Callosciurus pygerythrus LC Genus: Tamiops Himalayan striped squirrel, Tamiops macclellandi Family: Spalacidae Subfamily: Rhizomyinae Genus: Cannomys Lesser bamboo rat, Cannomys badius Family: Cricetidae Subfamily: Arvicolinae Genus: Microtus Sikkim mountain vole, Microtus sikimensis Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters) Subfamily: Murinae Genus: Mus Gairdner's shrewmouse, Mus pahari Earth-colored mouse, M. terricolor Genus: Rattus Himalayan field rat, Rattus nitidus Sikkim rat, Rattus sikkimensis VU
Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)
The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers. Family: Soricidae (shrews) Subfamily: Crocidurinae Genus: Crocidura Grey shrew, Crocidura attenuata Southeast Asian shrew, Crocidura fuliginosa Horsfield's shrew, Crocidura horsfieldi Genus: Suncus Etruscan shrew, S. etruscus Asian house shrew, S. murinus Subfamily: Soricinae Tribe: Anourosoricini Genus: Anourosorex Mole shrew, Anourosorex squamipes Tribe: Nectogalini Genus: Chimarrogale Himalayan water shrew, Chimarrogale himalayica Genus: Nectogale Elegant water shrew, Nectogale elegans Genus: Sorex Eurasian pygmy shrew, S. minutus Genus: Soriculus Bailey's shrew, Soriculus baileyi Hodgson's brown-toothed shrew, Soriculus caudatus Long-tailed brown-toothed shrew, Soriculus leucops Long-tailed mountain shrew, Soriculus macrurus Himalayan shrew, Soriculus nigrescens Family: Talpidae (moles) Subfamily: Talpinae Tribe: Talpini Genus: Euroscaptor Himalayan mole, Euroscaptor micrura
Locally extinct The following species are locally extinct in the country: Wild yak, Bos mutus
See also List of chordate orders List of prehistoric mammals Lists of mammals by region Mammal classification Mammals discovered in the 2000s
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