Jiránek (feminine Jiránková) is a Czech surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Antonín Jiránek (–1761), Czech violinist and composer František Jiránek (1698–1778), Czech Baroque composer Martin Jiranek (born 1969), Canadian ice hockey player Martin Jiránek (born 1979), Czech footballer Miloš Jiránek (1875–1911), Czech painter Vladimír Jiránek (1938–2012), Czech illustrator
See also 17694 Jiránek, main-belt asteroid