Scolopendridae (or, in older documents, Scolopendridæ), from Ancient Greek σκόλοψ (skólops), meaning "thorn", and ἔντερον (énteron), meaning "earthworm", is a family of large centipedes (class Chilopoda).
Description Nearly all species in this family have four ocelli (simple eyes) on each side of the head and only 21 pairs of legs, but there are exceptions: two scolopendrid species feature more legs (Scolopendropsis bahiensis, with 21 or 23 leg pairs, and S. duplicata, with 39 or 43 leg pairs), and some scolopendrid species are eyeless and blind (e.g., Cormocephalus sagmus, C. pyropygus, and C. delta). Three Asian members of this family, Scolopendra cataracta, Scolopendra paradoxa, and Scolopendra alcyona, are known to show amphibious behaviour. Two other species, Scolopendra hardwickei and Hemiscolopendra marginata, are known to show sexual dimorphism in the composition of their venom.
Genera
Subfamily Otostigminae (Kraepelin, 1903) Source:
Tribe Otostigmini (Kraeplin, 1903) Source: Alipes Imhoff, 1854 Alluropus Silvestri, 1911 Digitipes Attems, 1930 Edentistoma Tömösváry,1882 Ethmostigmus Pocock, 1898 Otostigmus Porat, 1876 Rhysida Wood, 1862
Tribe Sterropristini (Verhoeff, 1937) Sterropristes Attems, 1934
Subfamily Scolopendrinae (Leach, 1814) Sources:
Arthrorhabdus Pocock, 1891 (= Arthrorhabdinus)
Asanada Meinert, 1885 (= Pseudocryptops)
Asanadopsis Würmli, 1972
Campylostigmus Ribaut, 1923
Notiasemus Koch, 1985
Procrytops Piton, 1940
Psiloscolopendra Kraepelin, 1903
Rhoda Meinert, 1886 (= Pithopus)
Scolopendra Linnaeus, 1758 Scolopendropsis Brandt, 1841
Tonkinodentus Schileyko, 1992
The earliest record of this family is †Cratoraricrus, an extinct genus from the Early Cretaceous of the Crato Formation of Brazil.
References
External links
http://chilobase.biologia.unipd.it
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