List of political parties in Israel

Israel's political system is based on proportional representation and allows for a multi-party system with numerous parties represented in the 120-seat Knesset.

A typical Knesset includes many factions represented. This is because of the low election threshold required for a seat – 1 percent of the vote from 1949 to 1992, 1.5 percent from 1992 to 2003, 2 percent from 2003 to 2014, and 3.25 percent since 2015. In the 2015 elections, for instance, ten parties or alliances cleared the threshold, and five of them won at least ten seats. The low threshold, in combination with the nationwide party-list system, makes it all but impossible for a single party to win the 61 seats needed for a majority government. No party has ever won a majority of seats in an election, the most being 56, won by the Alignment grouping in the 1969 elections (the Alignment had briefly held a majority of seats before the elections, following its formation in January 1969).

As a result, while only four parties (or their antecedents) have ever led governments, all Israeli governments, , have been coalitions comprising two or more parties.

Current parties Parties represented in the Knesset The following parties are represented following the 2022 election:

Party or alliance Ideology Politicalposition Symbol Leader Knesset Status Likud Right-wing Benjamin Netanyahu Yesh Atid Centre Yair Lapid Shas Aryeh Deri Blue & White Centre Benny Gantz Religious Zionist Party Far-right Bezalel Smotrich UnitedTorahJudaism Agudat Yisrael Right-wing Moshe Gafni rowspan=2 Degel HaTorah Otzma Yehudit Far-right Itamar Ben-Gvir Yisrael Beiteinu Right-wing Avigdor Lieberman Ra'am Mansour Abbas Hadash–Ta'al Hadash (Maki) Left-wing Ayman Odeh rowspan=2 Ta'al The Democrats Centre-leftto left-wing Yair Golan Noam Far-right Avi Maoz

Expected to stand in 2026 Party or alliance Constituent parties Ideology Politicalposition Leader Together Centre tocentre-right Naftali Bennett Israel First/Ale YarokIsrael FirstSecurity hawkishnessSyncreticSharren HaskelAle YarokCannabis legalizationSyncreticNir YufteroReservists/NEP/OzJoint ListThe ReservistsCentreYoaz HendelNew Economic PartySyncreticYaron ZelekhaOz Party Syncretic Einat Wilf Unity Right-wing Gilad Erdan Yashar Zionism Centre

Other parties The following parties do not have Knesset seats at present:

Balad (held seats from 1996 to 2022) Derekh Eretz Dor Eretz Hadasha Free Democratic Israel Meimad (held seats between 1999 and 2009 as part of the One Israel alliance) New Right Telem Tzomet (held seats between 1987 and 1999; for the 1996 elections, it formed a joint "National Camp List" with Likud and Gesher) Zehut

Former parties

Parties formerly represented in the Knesset Party First Knesset Last Knesset Most MKs Notes IdeologyAgriculture and Development2nd4th 1Arab satellite listPro-MapaiAhi16th17th 2Breakaway from the National Religious Party, joined the National Union alliance (2006–2008), merged into LikudReligious ZionismAhdut HaAvoda2nd5th 10Merged into the Labor PartyLabor Zionism, democratic socialismAhva9th9th 3Breakaway from the Democratic MovementLiberalismAlignment6th12th 63Became the Labor PartyLabor Zionism, social democracyAliya14th14th 2Breakaway from Yisrael BaAliyahInterests of 1990s post-Soviet migrantsArab Democratic Party11th13th 2Breakaway from the Alignment, merged into the United Arab ListPro-Labor PartyArab List for Bedouin and Villagers8th8th 1Arab satellite list; merged into the United Arab List (1977)Pro-Labor PartyAtid13th13th 2Breakaway from YiudLiberalismBlack Panthers12th12th 1Breakaway from Hadash Socialism, Mizrahi interestsCentre Party14th15th 6Breakaway from Likud, Tzomet and Labor Party Cooperation and Brotherhood4th7th 2Arab satellite listPro-MapaiCooperation and Development6th6th 4Arab satellite list; merger of Cooperation and Brotherhood and Progress and Development, demerged soon afterPro-MapaiDash9th9th 15Disbanded into the Democratic Movement, Shinui, and Ya'adLiberalismDemocratic Choice15th15th 2Breakaway from Yisrael BaAliyah, merged into Meretz-YachadSocial democracy, interests of post-Soviet migrantsDemocratic List for Israeli Arabs2nd3rd 3Arab satellite listIsraeli Arab interestDemocratic Movement9th9th 7Emerged from the break-up of DashLiberalismDevelopment and Peace9th9th 1Arab satellite listPro-Labor PartyDruze Faction6th6th 1Breakaway from Cooperation and Brotherhood, merged into Progress and DevelopmentDruze interestsFaction independent of Ahdut HaAvoda2nd2nd 2Breakaway from Mapam, merged into MapaiDemocratic socialismFighters' List1st1st 1 Revisionist Zionism, UltranationalismFree Centre6th8th 4Breakaway from Herut in 6th Knesset, breakaway from Likud in 8th KnessetGahal5th7th 27Became LikudGeneral Zionists1st4th 23Merged into the Liberal PartyGesher13th15th 5Breakaway from Likud, merged back into LikudGesher – Zionist Religious Centre10th10th 2Breakaway from National Religious Party, merged back into NRPGeulat Yisrael10th10th 1Breakaway from Agudat YisraelHaOlim16th16th 1Breakaway from Shinui, merged into Yisrael BeiteinuHapoel HaMizrachi2nd2nd 9Merged into the National Religious PartyHebrew Communists1st1st 1Breakaway from Maki, merged into MapamHerut1st5th 28Merged into GahalHerut – The National Movement14th15th 3Breakaway from Likud, joined National Union alliance, ran unsuccessfully in the following two elections and merged back into LikudRevisionist ZionismHaTzeirim14th14th 1Breakaway from the Centre Party, merged into ShinuiIndependent Liberals5th9th 7Breakaway from the Liberal Party, merged into the AlignmentIndependent Socialist Faction8th8th 2Breakaway from Ya'ad – Civil Rights MovementJewish–Arab Brotherhood6th6th 1Breakaway from Progress and Development, merged into Cooperation and BrotherhoodThe Jewish Home18th23rd 8Dissolved on 20 August 2023, merged into Religious Zionist PartyReligious ZionismJustice for the Elderly17th17th 3Breakaway from Gil, merged back into GilKach11th11th 1Party bannedReligious Zionism, KahanismKadima16th19th29Breakaway from LikudLiberalismLabor7th25th 49Formed by merger of Mapai, Ahdut HaAvoda, and Rafi, merged with Meretz in 2024 to form The DemocratsLabor Zionism, social democracyLeft Camp of Israel9th9th 2 Democratic socialism, pacifismLeft Faction2nd2nd 3Breakaway from MapamCommunismLev15th15th 2Breakaway from the Centre Party, merged into LikudLiberal Party4th5th 18Merged into GahalMaki (original)1st7th 7Merged into MokedCommunism, non-ZionismMapai1st5th 47Merged into the Labor PartyLabor ZionismMapam1st12th 20Merged into MeretzLabor Zionism, democratic socialismMekhora14th14th 1Breakaway from Tzomet, merged into MoledetMeretz13th24th 12Merger of Ratz, Mapam, Shinui. Merged with Israeli Labor Party to form The Democrats.Labor Zionism, progressivismMeri6th7th 2Originally named HaOlam HaZeh – Koah Hadash (until 1973)Progressivism, left-wing populismMizrachi2nd2nd 4Merged into the National Religious PartyMoked7th8th 1Successor of Maki, erged into the Left Camp of IsraelSocialism, post-ZionismMorasha11th11th 2 Moria12th12th 1Breakaway from ShasMovement for the Renewal of Social Zionism10th10th 1Breakaway from TelemNational Home16th16th 2Breakaway from the Secular FactionNational List7th9th 5Merged into LikudNational Religious Party3rd17th 12Disbanded when The Jewish Home formedReligious ZionismNew Liberal Party12th12th 5Breakaway from LikudNew Way15th15th 3Breakaway from the Centre PartyNoy16th16th 1Breakaway from One Nation, merged into KadimaOmetz9th11th 3Breakaway from Likud, merged into Telem, broke away again, merged into LikudOne Israel (1980)9th9th 1Breakaway from LikudOne Israel15th15th 26Joint list of Labor Party, Meimad and GesherZionism, Social democracyOne Nation14th16th 3Merged into the Labor PartyPoalei Agudat Yisrael2nd9th 3 Progress and Development4th8th 2Arab satellite list; merged into the United Arab List (1977)Pro-Mapai/Labor PartyProgress and Work2nd3rd 2Arab satellite listPro-MapaiProgressive List for Peace11th12th 2 Pacifism, socialismProgressive National Alliance15th15th 1Breakaway from the United Arab ListProgressive Party1st4th 6Merged into the Liberal PartyRafi5th6th 10Breakaway from Mapai, merged into the Labor PartyLabor ZionismRatz8th12th 6Merged into MeretzProgressivism, liberal socialismReligious Torah Front3rd4th 6Broke up into Agudat Yisrael and Poalei Agudat YisraelSecular Faction16th16th 11Breakaway from ShinuiSephardim and Oriental Communities1st2nd 4Merged into the General ZionistsShinui9th16th 15Majority of representatives split to form Secular FactionShlomtzion9th9th 2Merged into LikudTami10th11th 3Breakaway from the National Religious Party, merged into the LikudTehiya9th12th 5Breakaway from LikudTelem9th10th 4Breakaway from LikudThe Right Way17th17th 1Breakaway from Justice for the ElderlyThe Third Way13th14th 4Breakaway from the Labor PartyTkuma14th17th Breakaway from the National Religious Party, joined the National Union alliance in 1999, disbanded in 2008.Religious ZionismTzalash16th16th 1Breakaway from ShinuiUnited Arab List (1977)8th9th 3Merger of the Arab List for Bedouins and Villagers and Progress and Development (not related to contemporary United Arab List)United Religious Front1st1st 16Broke up into Agudat Yisrael, Poalei Agudat Yisrael, Mizrachi and Hapoel HaMizrachiUnity for Peace and Immigration12th12th 1Breakaway from the Alignment, merged into LikudUnity Party9th9th 2Breakaway from Dash and the Left Camp of IsraelSocialism, Mizrahi interestsWIZO1st1st 1WIZO incorporated the , which had won seats in the Assembly of Representatives.Ya'ad9th9th 1Emerged from the break-up of DashYa'ad – Civil Rights Movement8th8th 4Merger of Ratz and MK Aryeh Eliav, split into Ratz and the Independent Socialist Faction which then merged into the Left Camp of IsraelProgressivism, liberal socialismYachad11th11th 3Merged into the AlignmentYemenite Association1st2nd 1Merged into the General Zionists but broke away laterYisrael BaAliyah14th16th 7Merged into LikudYiud13th13th 3Breakaway from Tzomet

Parties that failed to win seats in the Knesset

Name Letter Political position NotesHatzohar Right-wing Original Revisionist Zionist party, disbanded after failing to cross the electoral threshold in the 1949 elections.Popular Arab Bloc Left-wing to far-left Arab satellite list that ran in the 1949 elections. Affiliated with MapamTafnit Centre Ran in the 2006 elections.Women's Party Centre-left to Left-wing Ran in the 1977 elections.Yamin Yisrael Right-wing Broke away from Moledet, another right-wing party, prior to the 1996 elections, but failed to cross the electoral threshold.The Arab List - The Center Centre Arab satellite list that ran in the 1955 elections. Affiliated with General Zionists

Family tree of parties in Israel

Zionist youth movements