WHAZ (AM)

WHAZ (1330 AM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Troy, New York, and serving New York's Capital District. The station is locally owned by the Capital Media Corporation and broadcasts a Christian radio format.

WHAZ transmits fulltime with a non-directional antenna on Van Schaick Island in Cohoes, while its studios are on Park Avenue in Cohoes. By day, it operates with 1,000 watts, at night it greatly reduces power to 49 watts to protect other stations on 1330 AM from interference. WHAZ's programming is also simulcast on four FM stations and one FM translator on the fringes of the market, branded the "Alive Radio Network".

History

WHAZ is the second oldest radio station in the Capital District. It went on the air more than a century ago, seven months after WGY in Schenectady.

On December 1, 1921, the U.S. Department of Commerce, which regulated radio at this time, adopted a regulation formally establishing a broadcasting station category, which set aside the wavelength of 360 meters (833 kHz) for entertainment broadcasts, and 485 meters (619 kHz) for market and weather reports."Amendments to Regulations", Radio Service Bulletin, January 3, 1922, page 10. WHAZ's first license, for both broadcasting wavelengths, was issued on July 18, 1922, to the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) in Troy, New York."New Stations", Radio Service Bulletin, August 1, 1922, page 3. The call letters were randomly assigned from an alphabetic list of available call signs.

Unlike many pioneer college radio stations, the Institute only had limited previous experience with radio technology. Funds for construction of the station at the Electrical Engineering Laboratory were primarily provided by three members, all RPI alumni, of the Roebling family: Washington A., John A., and Charles G.

The station made its first formal broadcast on September 11, 1922.Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute entry, Education's Own Stations, S. E. Frost, Jr., 1937, pages 351-353. Later that month the Department of Commerce set aside a second entertainment wavelength, 400 meters (750 kHz) for "Class B" stations that had quality equipment and programming."Amendments to Regulations: Regulation 57", Radio Service Bulletin, September 1, 1922, pages 10-11. WHAZ was assigned to this new wavelength on a timesharing basis with General Electric's WGY in nearby Schenectady."Alterations and Corrections", Radio Service Bulletin, October 2, 1922, page 7. In May 1923 additional "Class B" frequencies were made available, with the Schenectady/Troy region allocated 790 kHz,"Radio Conference Recommendations: New Wave Lengths", Radio Age, May 1923, page 11. and WHAZ and WGY were reassigned to this new shared frequency."Alterations and Corrections", Radio Service Bulletin, June 1, 1923, page 11.

On May 3, 1927, WHAZ was assigned by itself to 750 kHz,"List of broadcasting stations issued temporary permits" (May 3, 1927), Radio Service Bulletin, April 30, 1927, page 11. before being reassigned later that year to 980 kHz."Alterations and Corrections", Radio Service Bulletin, November 30, 1927, page 9. On November 11, 1928, as part of a nationwide implementation of the provisions of the Federal Radio Commission's General Order 40, WHAZ was assigned to 1300 kHz in an historic four-way timeshare with three stations in New York City-area: The Jewish Daily Forward's WEVD, the Watchtower Bible and Tract Society's WBBR and the Defenders of the Truth Association's WHAP."Revised list of broadcasting stations, by frequencies, effective 3 a. m., November 11, 1928, eastern standard time", Second Annual Report of the Federal Radio Commission (June 30, 1928), page 209. WHAP later changed its call sign to WFAB, and in 1938 was sold and its hours transferred to WEVD."WFAB Leaves the Air; Sale to WEVD Ratified", Broadcasting, September 15, 1938, page 20. WHAZ continued to share time with WEVD and WBBR, and in March 1941, implementation of the North American Regional Broadcasting Agreement resulted in the three stations moving to 1330 kHz. At this time WHAZ operated daytime only, except for Monday night programming.

With the launch of an FM station, WRPI on November 1, 1957, and with most WHAZ programming transferred to the school's carrier current station, WRPI AM 640, WHAZ became expendable, only being operated with a minimal schedule and programming classical music. In 1963 it was determined that the station was far enough from New York City to allow it to operate with unrestricted hours during the daytime, although timesharing was still needed at night."For the Record: Other Actions", Broadcasting, January 14, 1963, page 87. In 1965 RPI attempted to sell WHAZ in two parts, with the station's daytime hours going to the Troy Record Company for $15,000, and its nighttime allocation, which was Monday nights from 6 p.m. to midnight, being transferred to WEVD for $50,000. However, WPOW, successor to WBBR, successfully blocked the sale, on the grounds that it needed to approve any changes in the timesharing agreement."FCC 66-414" (May 4, 1966), Federal Communications Commission Reports (Vol. 4, Second Series, July 1, 1966, to September 23, 1966), pages 186-187.

WHAZ was ultimately instead sold in 1967 to WPOW, Inc., for $65,000, with WHAZ becoming a daytime-only station, and WPOW receiving its Monday nighttime slot."For the Record: Ownership Changes: Actions", Broadcasting, June 19, 1967, page 92. Under its new owner WHAZ was programmed with a Christian religious format, which holds to this day. In 1973, WHAZ nearly added an FM variant of its programming on 107.7 MHz, however the death of that station's owner led to those plans being scrapped by his children, in favor of country music, with the station becoming WGNA. The station was later sold to Paul Lotters, who still owns the station today through Capital Media.

Lotters spent several years trying to increase WHAZ's power and operating hours, and gradually won approval to remain on the air 24 hours a day. However, its daytime signal only provides Grade B coverage to most of Schenectady, the market's second largest city. Its nighttime signal operates at only 49 watts, rendering it all but unlistenable outside Rensselaer County; nighttime coverage is severely limited even in areas close to Troy. However, all efforts to increase WHAZ's power failed, since the FCC was unwilling to risk causing interference with the New York stations (WEVD's successor, WNYM, had by 1983 purchased and deleted WPOW's license, allowing WNYM to operate on a full-time basis).

Beginning in the 1990s, WHAZ expanded to FM through the acquisitions of four stations, including WMYY 97.3 (licensed to Schoharie, New York, and serving the Mohawk Valley), WBAR-FM 94.7 (licensed to Lake Luzerne, New York, and serving the Saratoga Springs and Glens Falls areas), and WMNV 104.1 (licensed to Rupert, Vermont, and rimshots Manchester and Rutland). In 2005, WZEC (licensed to Hoosick Falls, New York) was acquired and converted into a classic Christian contemporary format for the Bennington, Vermont area and the Berkshires under the WHAZ-FM callsign, and later converted to an outright simulcast of WHAZ. This allows WHAZ to provide at least secondary coverage from southwestern Vermont to the Mohawk Valley.

Simulcasts Call sign Frequency City of license FID ERPW Heightm (ft)Class Transmitter coordinates First air date Former callsigns WHAZ-FM 97.5 FM Hoosick Falls, New York 420 A July 4, 1991 (as WNGN) WBAR-FM 94.7 FM Lake Luzerne, New York 1,250 A 1990 WZBR (9/21-11/1/1990) WMYY 97.3 FM Schoharie, New York 800 A 1988 WMNV 104.1 FM Rupert, Vermont 4,300 horizontal A 1989 WRQL (1989–1990)

WHAZ (AM)

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